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Unit 1 Vocab
Vocabulary for Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Element | one of a class of substances that cannot be separated into similar substances by chemical means |
| Molecule | the smallest physical unit of an element or compound |
| Compound | a pure substance composed of two or more elements whose composition is constant |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of a given element |
| Mass Number | the integer nearest in value to the atomic weight of the atom |
| Atomic Weight | the average weight of an atom of an element |
| Valence Electrons | the electrons of an atom located on the outermost shell |
| Electron | a negatively charged subatomic particle of an atom |
| Proton | a positively charged subatomic particle of an atom |
| Neutron | a subatomic particle of an atom with no charge |
| Isotope | any two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons |
| Radioisotope | a radioactive isotope |
| Electron Configuration | the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals |
| Bond | the attraction between atoms in a molecule |
| Polar bond | a covalent bond between two atoms in which electrons are shared unequally |
| Nonpolar bond | a covalent bond between two atoms in which electrons are shared equally |
| Hydrogen bond | a type of chemical bond in which a hydrogen atom that has a covalent link with one of the electronegative atoms forms an electrostatic link with another electronegative atom in the same or another molecule |
| Solvent | a substance that dissolves another to form a solution |
| Solution | a molecular mixture of two or more substances |
| Solute | the substance dissolved in a given solution |
| Hydrophobic | having little or no affinity for water |
| Hydrophilic | having a strong affinity for water |
| Amino acid | the building blocks from which proteins are constructed |
| Nucleotide | the building blocks of DNA or RNA |
| Peptide bond | a covalent bond formed by joining the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another, with the removal of a molecule of water |
| Lipid | any of a group of organic compounds that are greasy to the touch, insoluble in water, and soluble in alcohol and ether |
| Saturated Fat | a type of single-bond animal or vegetable fat |
| Unsaturated Fat | a fat having chains of unsaturated fatty acids |
| Saccharide | an organic compound containing a sugar or sugars |
| Atom | the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element |
Created by:
adahlquist6252
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