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Anatomy Ch6
Body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| excitability | he ability to respond to a stimulus, which may be delivered from a motor neuron or a hormone |
| irritability | reaction to stimuli and for the pathological, abnormal or excessive sensitivity to stimuli |
| relax | Loosening, lengthening, or lessening of tension in a muscle |
| isometric contraction | A muscular contraction in which the length of the muscle does not change |
| isotonic contraction | muscular contraction in which the length of the muscle changes |
| contracting | either to shorten or to undergo an increase in tension |
| cardiac muscle | an involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the walls of the heart |
| smooth muscle | shows no cross stripes under microscopic magnification. It consists of narrow spindle-shaped cells with a single, centrally located nucleus. |
| glycogen | a large, branched polysaccharide that is the main storage form of glucose |
| lactic acid | a hygroscopic organic acid C3H6O3 present normally especially in muscle tissue as a by-product of anaerobic glycolysis |
| strain | a stretched or torn muscle or tendon |
| spasm | a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ |
| atrophy | decrease in size of a body part, cell, organ, or other tissue |
| fibromyalgia | a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and stiffness of muscles and associated connective tissue structures |
| fascia | a sheet, or any other dissectible aggregations of connective tissue that forms beneath the skin to attach, enclose, and separate muscles and other internal organs |
| extensibility | the ability of a muscle to be stretched |
| striated muscle | a muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres. The presence of sarcomeres manifests as a series of bands visible along the muscle fibers, which is responsible for the striated appearance |
| muscle tone | he maintenance of partial contraction of a muscle |
| insertion point | The point or mode of attachment of a skeletal muscle to the bone or other body part that it moves |
| sprain | a stretched or torn ligament |
| aponeurosis | a sheet of pearly white fibrous tissue that takes the place of a tendon in flat muscles having a wide area of attachment |
| ligament | a short band of tough, flexible fibrous connective tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a join. |
| origin | the attachment site that doesn't move during contraction |
| cramp | a sudden, involuntary, spasmodic contraction of a muscle or group of muscles |
| inflamed | a response to cellular injury that is marked by capillary dilatation, leukocytic infiltration, redness, heat, pain, swelling, and often loss of function and that serves as a mechanism initiating the elimination of noxious agents and of damaged tissue |
| muscular dystrophy (MD) | a group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass |
| myasthenia gravis | a disease characterized by progressive weakness and exhaustibility of voluntary muscles |
| tendon | a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone |
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Dcuell571
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