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Micro-organisms

VN5 Weeks 1 and 2

TermDefinition
Unicellular Is made up of one cell only e.g. Bacteria and protozoa
Binary fission Type of asexual reproduction
Symbiotic relationship Species that can live together
Commensal microorganism One that lives on skin/gut/respiratory surfaces- usually harmless
Saprophytic organism Lives off dead and decaying matter e.g. fungi
Nucleic acid/capsid Two parts of a virus - together = nucleocapsid
Icosahedral/helical/complex Typical viral shapes
Envelope Virus may have an envelope as an outer coat
Direct or indirect Method of transmission of infectious agent
Incubation Length of time between infection and clinical signs
20-300 nanometres (nm) Typical virus size
0.5-5 microns (micrometres) (um) Typical bacterium size
Prion Very small protein particle causing infection in Central Nervous System
Scrapie/Transmissable spongiform encephalopathy Typical conditions caused by prions
Bacilli Rod shaped bacteria
Cocci Spherical bacteria
Staphylococci Clusters of cocci (like bunch of grapes) e.g. MRSA
MRSA Methicillin (or meticillin) resistance staphylococcus aureus
Gram stain Used to categorise bacteria - purple (G+ve) pink (G-ve)
Pili or flagella Attachments on bacterial cell wall for reproduction or movement
Cell membrane Lies just inside cell wall, selectively permeable, controls substances in/out of cell
Spores (endospores) Dormant bacteria, surviving unfavourable conditions
Obligate aerobe Bacteria that need oxygen for growth
Moulds/yeasts 2 categories of fungi
Multicellular fungi Moulds
Ringworm A dermatophyte fungal infection
Wood's lamp Used to identify presence of fluorescence e.g. from dermatophytes on hair pluck
Prokaryote Unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle
Created by: jennytinson
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