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Endocrine Lab
Lab Study Stack
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The nervous system has been compared to an animal delivery system and the endocrine to the pony express...why this comparison? | The nervous systme employs elctrochemical impules and "rapid control" whereas the endocrine system employs "chemical messengers" or hormones into blood for transport which is a slower system |
| Define Hormone | THe body's hormones, steroids or amino-based molecules arouse the body's tissues & cells by stimulating changes in their metabolic activity |
| Chemically, hormones belong chiefly to two molecular groups, the | steroids and the amino-based molecules |
| What do all hormones have in common? | They are all blood borne. |
| Define "target organ" | Organs that respond to a particular hormone in a specific way |
| If hormones travel in the bloodstream, why don't all tissue respond to all hormones? | Because they all have different protein receptors and only certain cells will react to the prescence of a particular hormone. |
| located in the troat; bilobed gland connected by an isthmus | thyroid gland |
| found close to the kidney | Adrenal gland |
| a mixed gland, located close to the stomach and small intestine | Pancreas |
| paired glands suspended in the scrotum | testes |
| ride "horseback" on the thyroid gland | Parathyroid glands |
| found in the pelvic cavity of the female, concerned with ova and female hormone production | ovaries |
| found in the upper thorax overlying the heart; large during youth | thymus |
| found in the roof of the third ventricle | Pineal Body |
| Responsible for the programming of T lymphocytes (hormone & site of production) | Thymus/thymosin |
| Released in response to stressors (2 hormones and site of production) | Thyroid/calcitoninParathyroid/PTH |
| Drive development of secondary sexual characteristics (2 hormones & site of production) | Ovaries/estrogensTestes/testosterone |
| Regulate the function of another endocrine gland (4 hormones and sites of production) | Anterior pituitary is the site for all four hormones; FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH |
| Mimics the sympathetic nervous system; hormone and site | Epinephrine/adrenal medulla |
| Regulate blood glucose levels; produced by the same "mixed" gland (2 hormones/2 sites) | Glucagon & insulin both produced in the pancreas |
| Directly responsible for regulations of the menstrual cycle (2 hormones/2 sites) | estrogens and progesterone, both produced in the ovaries |
| maintenance of salt and water balance in extracellular fluid (2 hormones/2 sites) | ADH produced in the hypothalamusAldosterone produced in the adrenal cortex |
| Directly involved in milk production and ejection (2 hormones/2 sites) | Oxytocin produced in the hypothalamusProlactin produced in the anterior pituitary |
| ADH is stimulated by the/a | nervous system |
| Aldosterone is stimulated by the/a | humoral factors |
| Estrogens are stimulated by the/a | another hormone |
| insulin is stimulated by the/a | humoral factors |
| norepinephrine is stimulated by the/a | nervous system |
| parathyroid hormone is stimulated by the/a | humoral factors |
| T4/T3 is stimulated by the/a | another hormone |
| testosterone is stimulated by the/a | another hormone |
| TSH,FSH is stimulated by the/a | another hormone |
| The inadequate amt of hormone _______that produces the condition PTH | tetany |
| The inadequate amt of hormone _______ which causes excessive diuresis without high blood glucose levels caused the condition; | ADH |
| The inadequate amt of hormone ________ causes the loss of glucose in the urine | insulin |
| The _________ Hormone in inadequate amts causes the condition of an abnormally small stature, normal proportions | growth hormone (GH) |
| The hormones __________ and _________ in low amts cause a Low BMR, mental & physical sluggishness | thyroine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) |
| The hormone _______when produced in excessive amts causes large hands and feet in the adult and large facial bones | Growth Hormone (GH) |
| The hormone __________ when produced in excessive amts that results in nervousness, rregular pulse rate and sweating | T4/T3 (Thyroid Hormone) |
| The hormone PTH when produced in excessive amounts results in the following | demineralization of bones, spontaneous fractures |
| Hormone produced by parafollicular cells of the thyroid | calcitonin |
| The hormone produced by follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid | T4/T3 |
| The hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of langerhans) | insulin |
| The hormone produced by alpha cells of the pancreatic islets | glucagon |
| The hormone produced by basophil cells of the anterior pituitary | TSH,ACTH, FSH, LH |
| The hormone produced by zona fasciculata cells | glucocorticoids |
| The hormone produced by zona glomerulosa cells | mineralocorticoids |
| The hormone produced by cheif cells | PTH |
| The hormone produced by acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary | GH, prolactin |
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