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Genetics Vocab 1
Life Science
Term | Definition |
---|---|
ribosomes | makes proteins using directions from DNA |
trait | the different forms of a characteristic (ex: dimples or no dimples) |
recessive | the trait that hides in the background (represented with a lowercase letter). Can only be expressed in homozygous form |
heredity | the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring |
genetics | the study of heredity |
mitosis | cell reproduction - when one body (somatic) cell becomes two |
homozygous/purebred | two alleles/letters for one trait that are the same (Ex: DD or dd) can be dominant or recessive |
genotype | combination of alleles (letters): DD, Dd, dd |
gene | the factor that controls a trait you exhibit |
nucleus | contains DNA and controls cell activities |
proteins | the building blocks of cells that control your specific characteristics |
alleles | the letters that represent the different forms of a gene (dimples = D=present; d=dimples absent) |
dominant | the trait that overshadows and is expressed (capital letter) |
phenotype | the physical appearance of a trait (ex: dimples, no dimples) |
heterozygous/hybrid | two alleles/letters for one trait that are different (ex: Dd) |
meiosis | produces four sex cells, sperm or egg, that are used to pass a parent's traits to offspring |
chromosomes | contains your genes |