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science 9 semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| one of branches of engineering starts with ch | chemical |
| one of branches of engineering starts with ci | civil |
| one of branches of engineering starts with e | electricity |
| one of branches of engineering starts with m | mechanical |
| S in STEM | science |
| T in STEM | technology |
| E in STEM | engineering |
| M in STEM | mathematics |
| what is the equation for Density | D=M/V |
| equation for momentum | P= m*v |
| equation for velocity | V = d/t |
| equation for acceleration | A= (vf-vi)/t |
| equation for Force | F = m x a |
| displacement | distance and direction of an object change in position from the starting point |
| speed | distance an object travels per unit of time |
| velocity | the speed and direction of a moving object |
| Work | transfer of energy when a force is applied over a distance |
| Machine | a device that makes doing work easier |
| Simple Machine | a machine that does work with only one movement |
| Compound Machine | a machine that is a combination of two or more simple machines |
| Efficiency | a ratio of the output work to input work |
| Mechanical Advantage | a ratio of the output force to an input force |
| Energy | the ability to cause a change |
| Kinetic Energy | energy a moving object has because of its motion |
| Potential Energy | energy that is stored due to the interactions between objects |
| Elastic Potential Energy | energy that is stored by compressing or stretching an object |
| Chemical Potential Energy | energy that is due to chemical bonds |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | energy that is due to the gravitational force between objects |
| what is the equation for work | W(j)=f*d |
| what is the equation for kinetic energy | KE = ½ x (mass x velocity2) |
| law of conservation of energy | states that energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| mechanical energy | a sum of the potential and kinetic energy of the objects in a system |
| power | the rate at which energy is converted |
| temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles that make up an object |
| thermal energy | sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the particles that make an object |
| heat | energy transferred between objects due to a temperature difference between those objects |
| specific heat | an amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kg of a material one degree Celcius |
| conduction | transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles that make up matter |
| convection | transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from one place to another |
| radiation | transfer of energy by electromagnetic |
| thermal insulator | a material through which thermal energy moves slowly |
| thermodynamics | the study of the relationship between thermal energy, heat, and work |
| the first law of thermodynamics | states that if the mechanical energy of a system is constant the increase in the thermal energy of the system equals the sum of the thermal energy transferred into the system and the work done on the system |
| the second law of thermodynamics | states that energy spontaneously spreads from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration |
| internal combustion engine | heat engine that burns fuel inside the engine in chambers of cylinders |
| force | push or pull exerted on an object |
| friction | a force that opposes the sliding motion between two touching surfaces |
| Gravity | attractive force between two objects that depend on the masses of the objects and the distance between them |
| Weight | gravitational force exerted on an object |
| Net Force | sum of all the forces that are acting on an object |
| Newton's 1st law of motion | states than an object moving at a constant velocity keeps moving at that velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it |
| Inertia | tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion |
| Newton's 2nd law of motion | states that acceleration of an object is in the same direction as the net force on the object and the acceleration equals the net force divided by its mass |
| Newton's 3rd law of motion | states that when one object exerts on a second object the second object exerts a force on the first object that is equal in strength and in opposite direction |
| Air resistance | force that opposes the motion of objects that move through the air |
| Terminal Velocity | the maximum speed an object will reach when falling through a substance such as air |
| Free Fall | describes the fall of an object on which only the force of gravity is acting |
| Centripetal Force | a force that is directed toward the center of a curved or circular path |
| Law of conservation of momentum | states that if no external forces act on a group of objects their total momentum does not change |
| prototype | very first model of a new invention |
| innovation | new improvement to make things better |
| invention | new creation |
| discovery | find something new |
| engineering | building and designing |
| patents | license for invention so people can't steal your idea |
Created by:
issaca6903
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