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Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Heredity | The passing on of traits from parents to offspring by means of genes. |
Species | A group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. |
Variation | Differences between members of the same species. |
Gene | A length of DNA that causes the production a protein. |
Chromosomes | Genes are found on these. |
Polygenic trait | A trait that is influenced by more than one gene. |
Mendelian trait | A single trait controlled by a single gene. |
Gregor Mendel | An Austrian Monk, he is considered the Father of Genetics. |
Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism, i.e. the genes that are present. |
Phenotype | The physical makeup, or appearance, of an organism. |
Allele | A variation of a gene. |
Dominant | A trait that will come through even if there is only one copy of the allele. |
Recessive | A trait that needs two copies of the allele to be present in order to come through in the organism. |
Homozygous | An organism has two copies of the same allele. It can be either dominant or recessive. |
Heterozygous | An organism has two different copies of an allele. |
Forty six | The number of chromosomes that humans have. |
Pea | The type of plant that Gregor Mendel studied. |
Hybrid | This can be created if two members of different species reproduce, for example a mule. |