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Chapter 11 Vocabular

QuestionAnswer
Nucleotide subunit of a nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Nitrogenous base a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen.
Double Helix a long zipper like structure that is twisted into a coil like a spring … example DNA.
DNA replication The process of copying DNA.
Polymer a large molecule formed from smaller subunits that are bonded together.
Messenger RNA A type of RNA that brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cell’s cytoplasm and to the ribosome.
Ribosomal RNA Makes up the ribosome, bonds to mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order.
Transfer RNA tRNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into a protein.
Transcription The process of making an RNA copy of a portion of a DNA strand.
Codon A group of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA that code for one amino acid.
Translation The process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in protein.
Created by: cwear
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