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Chapter 17 Vocab
Chapter 17 Evolution
Question | Answer |
---|---|
All the genes in a populaiton | Gene Pool |
number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool | Allele Frequency |
Tall pea plants or Short pea plants are an example. | Single Gene Trait |
An example of this trait is height in humans | Polygenic Trait |
Individuals with a polygenic trait have a higher fitness on one end of the bell curve | Directional Selection |
Individuals with a polygenic trait have a higher fitness near the center of the bell curve | Stabilizing Selection |
Individuals with a polygenic trait have a higher fitness on opposite ends of the bell curve than in the middle | Disruptive Selection |
A random change in allele frequency in a population | Genetic Drift |
Type of genetic drift after there is a dramatic reduction in size of a population, changing the allele frequency | Bottleneck |
Changes in the allele frequency as the result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population | Founder Effect |
Population is not evolving, allele frequency does not change | Genetic Equilibrium |
Allele frequencies in a population should remain constant, unless one or more factors cause them to change. | Hardy Weinberg Principal |
Selection of individuals based on traits such as size, color, strength | Sexual Selection |
Population where members of the group can interbreed and produce fertile offspring | Species |
The formation of a new species | Speciation |
When 2 populations no longer continue to interbreed | reproductive isolation |
Two populations no longer breed because of differences in courtship, communication, rituals, etc. | Behavioral Isolation |
Separation of populations created by physical barriers like rivers, mountains, bodies of water, etc. | Geographic Isolation |
2 populations no longer breed due to a difference in mating timing | Temporal Isolation |
differences in mutation rates of DNA are used to estimate the time that 2 species have been evolving independently | molecular clock |