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Genetics Studyguide

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QuestionAnswer
genetics the science of heredity, dealing with resemblances and differences of related organisms resulting from the interaction of their genes and the environment.
hybrid The offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species, or genera, esp. as produced through human manipulation for specific genetic characteristics.
Genes a segment of DNA (on a specific site on a chromosome) that is responsible for the physical and inheritable characteristics or phenotype of an organism. It also specifies the structure of a protein, and an RNA molecule.
alleles One member of a pair (or any of the series) of genes occupying a specific spot on a chromosome (called locus) that controls the same trait.
homozygous Of, or pertaining to an individual (or a condition in a cell or an organism) containing two copies of the same allele for a particular trait located at similar positions (loci) on paired chromosomes (see homologous chromosomes).
genotype (1) The entire set of genes in an organism. (2) A set of alleles that determines the expression of a particular characteristic or trait (phenotype). (zoology) The genetic makeup of an individual or taxon.
phenotype (1) The physical appearance or biochemical characteristic of an organism as a result of the interaction of its genotype and the environment.
Created by: aleja
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