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DNA and RNA
Protein Synthesis
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Transcription | RNA is made from DNA |
Helicase | Enzyme that uncoils DNA |
Monomer | A single unit |
Gene | Portion of DNA that codes for a certain trait. |
Point Mutation | Mutation that occurs usually by substituting one nucleotide for another. |
Polymer | Large compounds formed from combinations of smaller compounds. |
Anticodon | Three nucleotide sequence on tRNA that is complementary to an mRNA sequence |
Nucleotide | Monomer of nucleic acids. |
DNA Polymerase | Enzyme that builds the new strands of DNA. |
Translation | Proteins are made from the message on the RNA. |
Messenger RNA | Brings information from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm. |
Chromatin | Uncondensed chromosomal material. |
Chromosomal Mutation | Mutations that produce a change in a whole chromosome. |
Ribose | Sugar that is found in RNA. |
transfer RNA | Brings amino acids to the ribosome. |
Codon | Three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid. |
Mutation | Changes to DNA. |
Gene Mutation | Mutations that produce a change in a single gene. |
Replication | Process by which DNA makes a copy of itself. |
Nondisjunction | The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis. |
Ribosomal RNA | RNA that makes up the ribosome. |
Deoxyribose | Sugar that is found in DNA. |
Frameshift Mutation | Mutation that shifts the reading frame by inserting or deleting a nucleotide. |