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DNA and RNA

Protein Synthesis

TermDefinition
Transcription RNA is made from DNA
Helicase Enzyme that uncoils DNA
Monomer A single unit
Gene Portion of DNA that codes for a certain trait.
Point Mutation Mutation that occurs usually by substituting one nucleotide for another.
Polymer Large compounds formed from combinations of smaller compounds.
Anticodon Three nucleotide sequence on tRNA that is complementary to an mRNA sequence
Nucleotide Monomer of nucleic acids.
DNA Polymerase Enzyme that builds the new strands of DNA.
Translation Proteins are made from the message on the RNA.
Messenger RNA Brings information from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
Chromatin Uncondensed chromosomal material.
Chromosomal Mutation Mutations that produce a change in a whole chromosome.
Ribose Sugar that is found in RNA.
transfer RNA Brings amino acids to the ribosome.
Codon Three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid.
Mutation Changes to DNA.
Gene Mutation Mutations that produce a change in a single gene.
Replication Process by which DNA makes a copy of itself.
Nondisjunction The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis.
Ribosomal RNA RNA that makes up the ribosome.
Deoxyribose Sugar that is found in DNA.
Frameshift Mutation Mutation that shifts the reading frame by inserting or deleting a nucleotide.
Created by: jphokie05
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