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Ch 10 antibiotics
Ch 10 Antimicrobial Drugs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cephalosporins | Similar in structure to penicillins, produced by the fungus Cephalosporiium |
| R Plasmid | Extrachromosomal DNA containing genes that code for one or more antimicrobials. |
| Antibiotic | An antimicrobial agent usually produced naturally by a bacterium or a fungus. |
| Semisynthetic | Chemically modified penicillins. |
| Conjugation | The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another involving cell-to-cell contact. |
| Resistant | The ability of a bacterium to survive the presence of antibiotics. |
| Bacteriocidal | An agent capable of killing bacteria. |
| Broad Spectrum Antibiotics | An antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (3 words). |
| Synergism | The principle whereby the effectiveness of two drugs is greater than that of either drug used alone. |
| Macrolides | This group of antibiotics all contain a macrocyclic lactone ring. |
| Chemotherapy | Treatment with chemical substances. |
| Selective Toxicity | The property that allows a drug to be toxic for a microbe and nontoxic for the host |
| Minimal Bactericidal Concentration | The lowest concentration of a chemotherapeutic agent that will kill test microorganisms (3 words) |
| Penicillins | A group of over 50 chemically related antibiotics containing a beta lactam ring |
| Aminoglycosides | Antibiotics consisting of amino sugars and an aminocyclitol ring. |
| Bacteriostatic | An agent capable of inhibiting bacterial growth. |
| Minimal Inhibitory Concentration | The lowest concentration of a chemotherapeutic agent that will prevent the growth of a test organism (3 words). |
| Tetracyclines | A group of antibiotics that have a four-ring structure. |
| Superinfection | Growth of a pathogen that has developed resistance to an antibiotic or overgrowth of an opportunistic pathogen. |