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Ch 10 antibiotics

Ch 10 Antimicrobial Drugs

TermDefinition
Cephalosporins Similar in structure to penicillins, produced by the fungus Cephalosporiium
R Plasmid Extrachromosomal DNA containing genes that code for one or more antimicrobials.
Antibiotic An antimicrobial agent usually produced naturally by a bacterium or a fungus.
Semisynthetic Chemically modified penicillins.
Conjugation The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another involving cell-to-cell contact.
Resistant The ability of a bacterium to survive the presence of antibiotics.
Bacteriocidal An agent capable of killing bacteria.
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics An antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (3 words).
Synergism The principle whereby the effectiveness of two drugs is greater than that of either drug used alone.
Macrolides This group of antibiotics all contain a macrocyclic lactone ring.
Chemotherapy Treatment with chemical substances.
Selective Toxicity The property that allows a drug to be toxic for a microbe and nontoxic for the host
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration The lowest concentration of a chemotherapeutic agent that will kill test microorganisms (3 words)
Penicillins A group of over 50 chemically related antibiotics containing a beta lactam ring
Aminoglycosides Antibiotics consisting of amino sugars and an aminocyclitol ring.
Bacteriostatic An agent capable of inhibiting bacterial growth.
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration The lowest concentration of a chemotherapeutic agent that will prevent the growth of a test organism (3 words).
Tetracyclines A group of antibiotics that have a four-ring structure.
Superinfection Growth of a pathogen that has developed resistance to an antibiotic or overgrowth of an opportunistic pathogen.
Created by: drmicro
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