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CH 11: Prokaryote
Ch 11: Prokaryote Classification
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| actinomycetes | Gram-positive branching bacteria that resemble fungi |
| alphaproteobacteria | Class of Gram-negative bacteria capable of growing at very low nutrient levels |
| bacillus | rod-shaped prokaryotic cell |
| bacteroids | diverse group of Gram-negative microbes that have similar rRNA nucleotide sequences |
| betaproteobacteria | Class of diverse group of Gram-negative bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria capable of growing at very low nutrient levels |
| binaryfission | most common method of reproduction in prokaryotes |
| budding | reproductive process in which an outgrowth of the parent cell receives a copy of the genetic material, enlarges, and detaches |
| chlamydia | Any of the small, Gram-negative pathogenic cocci that grow and reproduce in the cells of mammals and birds |
| coccus | spherical prokaryotic cell |
| cyanobacteria | Gram-negative photosynthetic bacteria |
| deeply branching | prokaryotic autotrophs with rRNA sequences and growth characteristics though to be similar to those of earliest bacteria |
| deltaproteobacteria | group of proteobacteria that includes Myxobacteria |
| diplococci | a pair of cocci |
| endospore | environmentally resistant structure made by bacteria such as Clostridium species |
| epsilonproteobacteria | group of Gram-negative rods, vibrios, and spiral bacteria on the phylum Proteobacteria |
| extremophiles | microbes that requires extreme conditions of temperature, pH, and/or salinity to survive |
| gammaproteobacteria | Largest and most diverse class of Proteobacteria |
| heterocyst | thick-walled non-photosynthetic cell of cyanobacteria |
| Hyperthermophiles | microorganisms requiring temperatures above 80C |
| metachromatic granules | inclusions that store phosphate and stain differently from the rest of the cytoplasm |
| methanogens | obligate anaerobes that produce methane |
| mycolicacid | long-chain waxy lipid found in the cell walls of Mycobacteria |
| nitrogen fixation | the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium |
| palisade | a folded arrangement of bacilli |
| pleomorphic | describes a prokaryotic cell with more than one morphology |
| sarcinae | a cuboidal packet of cocci |
| snapping | a variation of binary fission |
| spirochete | group od spiral, Gram-negative bacteria with axial filaments |
| staphylococci | a cluster if cocci |
| streptococci | a chain of cocci |
| tetrads | a grouping of four cocci |
| thermophiles | microorganisms requiring temperatures above 45C |
| vibrio | a slightly curved rod-shaped bacterial cell |
| zetaproteobacteria | class of usually autotrophic, Gram-negative bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria |
Created by:
drmicro
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