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SLS bio 11
cell biology OP
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define the Cell Theory | A cell is the fundamental structure to life, and cells arise from pre existing cells. |
| Chloroplast | Are in eukaryotic cells (plant cells), and absorb sunlight and turn it into energy. |
| Chromatin | Genetic material mixed of DNA and proteins ( located in the nucleus). |
| Chromosome | Holds and stores genetic information in the form of genes. |
| Cilia | Microscopic hair like structures that extend outwards in many animal cells |
| Cristae | Increases the surface area of the inner membrane, allowing ATP to produce faster. |
| Cytoplasm | is the jelly in the cell that keeps all the organelles in place. |
| Eukaryotic cell | it is a plant cell that contain's a nucleus and organelles, and are enclosed by a plasma membrane. |
| Granum | Membrane-like structure found in chloroplasts of plant cells. |
| Matrix | material(tissue) that connects other cells together. |
| cell cycle | it is the growth of the cell through mitosis. |
| Apoptosis | is the programmed cell death. |
| Crossing-Over | The exchange of chromosome fragments, then creates a new combination of genes. |
| Diploid | making identical copies of its chromosomes and distributing them equally between two daughter cells |
| Haploid | a cell that contains a single set of chromosomes. |
| Gamete | Are sex cells. |
| Mitosis | the type of division that gives rise to daughter cells for the purpose of tissue growth (Asexual) |
| Meiosis | reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell before reproduction. |
| prokaryotic cells | have a cell membrane or plasma membrane that acts like a protective cover. They also have a rigid cell wall for added support and protection |
| Stroma | The stroma is the synthesis of organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide, also the fluid-filled space that is surrounding the grana also |
| Thlakoid | They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. |
| Aerobic | Aerobic respiration is the process by which oxygen-breathing creatures turn fuel, such as fats and sugars, into energy. |
| Anabolism | process involving a sequence of chemical reactions that constructs or synthesizes molecules from smaller units |
| catabolism | responsible for breaking complex molecules down into smaller molecules |
| cellular respiratioon | the cells organisms are to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into (ATP), and then release waste products |
| citric acid cycle | is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through oxidization |
| fermantation | process in which energy can be released from glucose even though oxygen is not available |
| glycolysis | the process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of pyruvic acid |
| calvin cycle | photosynthesis that occurs in the chloroplasts of plants and in many bacteria |
| chlorophy 2 | responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis.(green pigment) |
| light reaction | The light reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. |
| photosynthesis | use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.(in plant cells) |
Created by:
Oplater
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