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Biology Chapter 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
atom | smallest basic unit of matter. |
element | substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down by chemical means. |
compound | substance made of atoms of different elements that are bonded together in a particular ratio. |
ion | atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons. |
ionic bond | chemical bond formed through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions. |
covalent bond | chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
molcule | two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds; not necessarily a compound. |
hydrogen bond | attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom. |
cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance. |
adhesion | attraction between molecules of different substances. |
solution | mixture that is consistent throughout; also called a homogeneous mixture. |
solvent | mixture that is consistent throughout; also called a homogeneous mixture. |
solute | substance that dissolves in a solvent and is present at a lower concentration than the solvent. |
acid | compound that donates a proton when dissolved in a solution. |
base | compound that accepts a proton when dissolved in a solution. |
pH | mixture that is consistent throughout; also called a homogeneous mixture. |