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Tempkin Ch 21
The Female Pelvis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Linea Terminalis | imaginary line drawn from the symphysis pubis around to the sacral promontory, marking the dividing plane between the true and false pelves. The circumference of this plane is termed the pelvic inlet |
| True Pelvis (minor or lesser pelvis) | descriptive term given to the region deep to the to the pelvic inlet |
| False Pelvis (greater or major pelvis) | descriptive area given to the area superior to the to the pelvic inlet (linea terminalis) and inferior to the iliac crests |
| Ilicac Crests | portion of innominate bones that define the most superior, bilateral aspect of the pelvic cavity. They are palpable external landmarks that aid in evaluating the pelvis |
| Pubic Symphysis | anterior fusion of the innominate bones (sacrum and coccyx are the posterior fusion). Palpable external land mark that aids in evaluating the pelvis |
| Psoas Major Muscles | somewhat triangular in shape, situated vertically in the body. prominate paired muscles that originates at the lateral aspects of the lower thoracic vertebrae and course anteriolaterally in their decent to the iliac crests. |
| Broad Ligaments | Double folds of peritoneum that extend from the uterine cornua to the lateral pelvic walls. they are not true ligaments and only provide minimal support to the uterus. |
| Parametrium | fat and cellular connective tissue surrounding th two layers of each broad ligament and the structures they contain. |
| Adnexa | regions of the true pelvis posterior to the broad ligements. |
| Posterior Cul-de-sac | area between the rectum and the uterus |
| Space of Retzius | space that separates the anterior bladder wall from the pubic symphysis and is typically filled with extra peritoneal fat |
| Bicornuate Uterus | most common of the congenital malformations of the female genital tract. recognized sonographically by the presence of two endometrial canals that usually communicate at the level of the cervix. |
| Endometrium | innermost, mucosal layer of the uterine wall that is continuous with the vaginal epithelium inferiorly and uterine tube mucosa superolaterally |
| Endometrial Canal | proximal portion of the birth canal that is formed by the uterine endometrium. It is continuous with the endocervical canal |
| Menses | monthly sloughing off of the endometrial lining of the non-pregnant uterus |
| Myometrium | muscle layer that forms the bulk of the uterus. composed of three layers of different muscle fibers; outer longitudinal fibers, intermediate spiral bands, and inner circular and longitudinal fibers, which are responsible for the enlargment of the uterus w |
| Parturition | act of giving birth |
| Serosa | thin membrane that covers the myometrium and forms the outer layer of the uterus |
| Fundus | widest and most superior segment of the uterus situated between the intersection of the uterine tubes at the level of the uterine cornua; continuous with the body of the uterus |
| Corpus | body and largest part of the uterus; lies between the uterine fundus and cervix |
| Isthmus (uterine) | constricted portion of the uterus where the body or corpus meets or is continuous with the uterine cervix |
| cervix | lower cylindrical portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina |
| Endocervical Canal | cervical canal extending 2 to 4 cm from its internal os, where it joins the endometrial canal to its external os, which projects into the vaginal vault |
| Internal Os | portion of the endocervical canal that joins or opens into the endometrial canal |
| Nulliparous | no viable births |
| Multiparous | multiple viable births |
| Parity | number of viable offsrping |
| Menarche | onset of menstruation |
| Anteverted | when the bladder is empty and the cervix and vagina form a 90 degree angle, and the uterine body and fundus are tipped or tilted anteriorly |
| Anteflexed Uterus | when the bladder is empty and the cervix and vagina form a 90 degree angle, and the uterine body and fundus are bent at a great anterior angle until the fundus is pointing inferiorly and resting on the cervix |
| Retrovered Uterus | when the bladder is empty and the uterine body and fundus are tipped posteriorly and the angle of the cervix and vagina increases, making them more linearly oriented |
| Retroflexed Uterus | when the bladder is empty and the cervix and vagina are linearly oriented, and the uterine body and fundus are bent at a great posterior angle until the fundus is pointing inferiorly, adjacent to the cervix |
| Follicles | ovarian encasement containing an immature ovum |
| Estrogen | hormone produced by the ovaries that promotes proliferation or preparation of the uterine endometrium for possible implantation by a zygote |
| Ovulation | Occurs when the ovarian follicle bursts and releases the mature ovum. Approximately 14 days after follicle formation |
| Endometrial Stripe | the thin, bright, reflective sonographic appearance of the central, linear, opposing surfaces of the endometrium that form the endometrial canal |
| Graded Compression | to slowly and steadily compress the bowel between the abdominal walls |
| Mesentery | a double layer of visceral peritoneum that wraps around a bowel segment and attaches it to the posterior abdominal wall |
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Sierd98765
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