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Gault BIOL Chapter 1

Chapter 1: A brief History of Microbiology

TermDefinition
Algae Eukaryotic unicellular or multicellular photosynthetic organisms
Bacteria Prokaryotic microorganisms
Bioremediation The use of microorganisms to metabolize toxins in the environment to reclaim soils and waterways
Biotechnology Branch of microbiology in which microbes are manipulated to manufacture useful products
Chemotherapy A branch of medical microbiology in which chemicals are studied for their potential to destroy pathogenic microorganisms
Etiology The study of the causation of disease
Eukaryote Any organism made up of cells containing a nucleus composed of genetic material surrounded by a distinct membrane
Fungi Non-photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls
Germ Theory Hypothesis formulated by Pasteur in 1857 that microorganisms are responsible for disease
Helminth Multicellular eukaryotic worm
Immunology Study of the body's specific defenses against pathogens
Industrial microbiology Branch of microbiology in which microbes are manipulated to manufacture useful products
Microorganism An organism too small to be seen without a microscope
Pathogen A microorganism capable of causing disease
Prokaryote Any unicellular microorganism that lacks a nucleus
Protozoa Single-celled eukaryotes that ack a cell wall
Scientific method Process by which scientist attempt to prove or disprove hypotheses through observations of the outcomes of carefully controlled experiments
Spontaneous generation The theory that living organisms can arise from non-living matter
Virus Tiny infectious acellular agent
Created by: rgault
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