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SJCC Bio Ch 3

Chapter 3 vocabulary from Holt Modern Biology

QuestionAnswer
Adhesion Attraction between unlike substances
Capillarity Water's ability to move up narrow tubes against gravity
Cohesion Attraction between like substances
Hydrogen Bond Attraction between the hydrogen end of a molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule
Polar Uneven distribution of charge across a molecule
Adenosine triphosphate Energy storage molecule
Condensation Reaction Bonds monomers to form a polymer releasing a molecule of water
Functional Group Cluster of atoms that influence the properties of the molecules they compose
Hydrolysis Reaction that breaks apart polymers into separate monomers using molecules of water
Macromolecule Large polymer
Monomer Simple carbon compound
Organic Compound Molecule made up of mainly carbon and is derived from living things
Polymer 2 or more monomers bonded together
Amino acid one of 20 building blocks of protein (the monomer of a protein)
Carbohydrate quick energy molecule also known as a sugar
Dipeptide 2 amino acids bonded together
Disaccharide 2 monosaccharides bonded together
Fatty Acid Unbranched carbon chains that make up a lipid
Lipid Fat; large nonpolar molecules that do not dissolve in water
Monosaccharide simple carbon compound
Nucleic Acid Large and complex organic molecules that store important information in the cell
Nucleotide Monomer of a nucleic acid made up of a 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen containing base
Peptide bond bond between amino acids
Phospholipid Made up of two fatty acids and a glycerol molecule, the structural component of a cell membrane
Polypeptide 3 or more amino acids bonded together
Polysaccharide 3 or more monosaccharides bonded together
Protein Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; gives structure to living things
Ribonucleic Acid Has the information for making proteins
Steroid Lipid made up of 4 fused carbon rings
Substrate The reactant being catalyzed
Triglyceride Made up of three fatty acids joined to one glycerol molecule
Wax A type of structural lipid made up of a long fatty acid chain linked to a long alcohol chain
Created by: jmglbrt
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