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Sports Nutrition

TermDefinition
Aerobic activity An activity that uses large muscles and is done at a moderate, steady pace for long periods. The heart and lungs can meet the muscles’ oxygen needs throughout an aerobic activity.
Amenorrhea An abnormal cessation of menstrual periods.
Anaerobic activity An activity in which the muscles are using oxygen faster than the heart and lungs can deliver it.
Carbohydrate loading A technique used by endurance athletes to trick the muscles into storing more glycogen for extra energy.
Diuretic A substance that increases urine production.
Electrolyte Salts and minerals that can conduct electrical impulses in the body. Common human electrolytes are sodium chloride, potassium, and calcium.
Emetic A substance that causes vomiting.
Energy management Conscious consideration of the relationship between energy intake from food and energy output from exercise.
Ergogenic aid Any substances designed to enhance strength and endurance.
Female Athlete Triad A set of three related medical problems – disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis – common among female athletes.
Glycemic index A measure of the speed at which various carbohydrates are digested into glucose, absorbed, and enter the bloodstream.
Glycogen The body’s storage form of glucose.
Lactic acid A product formed in the muscles because of the incomplete breakdown of glucose during anaerobic activity.
Recovery The phase after exercise when glycogen levels are replenished to pre-exercise levels.
Created by: Mrs. M. Cornwell
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