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genetics 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Complementary | genes that are present on different genetic loci but interact with each other |
Punctuation | theory of evolutionary biology which proposes that once species appear in the fossil record the population will become stable |
Protein synthesis | process of creating protein molecules |
Transcription- | the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule |
Translation | where the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded |
Codon | a sequence of 3 DNA or RNA nucleotides |
Anticodon | sequence of 3 adjacent nucleotides located on one end of transfer |
Splice | process in which DNA of an organism is cut |
Exons | any part of the gene that will encode |
Polypeptide | chain of amino acids |
Restrictive enzyme | an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments |
Karyotyping | a picture of a person’s chromosomes |
Transduction | process by which foreign DNA is introduced |
Cloning | process in which a gene of interest is located and copied |
Genetic engineering | modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material |
Gene mutation | permanent alteration in the DNA sequence |
Chromosomal mutation | mutation that involve deletions, insertions, or inversions in the section of DNA |
Pedigree chart | -a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of a particular gene or organism |
Amniocentesis | procedure used to diagnose fetal defects in the early trimester of pregnancy |
Recombinant DNA | DNA molecule formed by splicing fragments of DNA from a different source to another part of the same source |