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Genetics

vocabulary

TermDefinition
Complimentary; complementary is a property of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA .
Punctuation trinucleotide sequence that specifies the end of translation or transcription.
Protein synthesis; is a process of creating protein molecules.
Transcription; process of copying a nucleotide sequence of DNA to form a complementary strand of mRNA.
Translation; process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced.
Codon; sequence of three nucleotide that codes for one amino acid.
Anticodon; set of three nucleotides in a RNA molecule that bind to a complementary mRNA codon during translations.
Splice; the process by which introns are removed from hnRNA to produce mature messenger RNA that contains only exons.
Exons; sequence of DNA that codes information for protein synthesis.
Polypeptide chains of amino acids
Restrictive enzyme; is a protein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites.
Karyotyping; complete set of chromosomes in a species or in an individual organism.
Transduction; the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector.
Cloning; is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals
Genetic engineering; process of changing an organism´s DNA to give the organism new traits.
Gene mutation; permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up on a gene.
Chromosomal mutation; a mutation involving a long segment of DNA.
Pedigree chart; a diagram showing the lineage or genealogy of an individual and all the direct ancestors, usually to analyze or study the inheritance.
Amniocentesis is a procedure used to diagnose fetal defects in the early second trimester of pregnancy.
Recombinant DNA; genetically engineered DNA that contains genes from more than one organism or species.
Created by: 1008562
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