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genetics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Genetics | study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics. |
Heredity | the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. |
Alleles | alternatives of a gene |
Trait | features of an organism |
Dominant | allele is present |
Recessive | allele is hidden |
Genotype | genetic make up |
Phenotype | physical appearance |
Homozygous | having identical alleles for a single trait |
Heterozygous | having different alleles |
Punnett square | a diagram used to predict genotypes |
Mutation | sudden change in the genetic material |
Autosome(s) | 22 pairs; body chromosomes |
Sex chromosome | 1 pair; X and Y |
Sex-linked | phenotype of an alleles that is dependent on the gender |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | a hereditary material in humans and other organisms |
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) | one of the major biological macromolecules |
Replication | process of duplicating an exact copy of a strand of DNA |
Nitrogenous bases | a molecule that contains nitrogen and has a chemical properties of a base (ATGC) |
Nucleotide | sugar, phosphate and a nitrogenous base |