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micro 125 test 5
unit 5 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This is part of the 1 mouth 2 nasal cavity 3 nose 4 sinuses 5 pharynx 6 epiglottis 7 larynx. | upper respiratory tract |
| This is part of 1 the trachea 2 bronchi 3 bronchioles 4 alveoli (site of oxygen exchange in the lungs.) | lower respiratory tract |
| The first line of defense for 1. nasal hairs trap particles 2. cilia propel particles out of the resp. tract 3. mucus on the surface of the mucous membranes trap organisms 4. coughing, swallowing, sneezing move out organisms | the respiratory system |
| Is the second line of defense for? complement action antimicrobial peptides increased levels of chemocytokines macrophages secretory IgA | the respiratory system |
| The _______ is the most common place for infectious agents to gain access into the body. | respiratory tract |
| the respiratory tract harbors | commensal microbes |
| These are microbes/ normal biota found in the? Step. pyogenes Haemophilus influenzae Strep. pneumoniae Neisseria meningitidis Staph. aureuss Canida albicans | upper respiratory |
| These are defenses of? Nasal hair Ciliary escalator (Cilia on the epithelium of the trachea and bronchi) Mucus Coughing, sneezing, swallowing Clusters of lymphatic tissue IgA | upper respiratory |
| smokers and nonsmokers have diff | biota |
| This is normal biots functions of Reduces the chances of pathogens establishing themselves in the same area Competition for resources and space | microbial antagonism of respiratory tract |
| 1.What info for parents of school-age child w/ regard to sore throats? a.no fever no need to seek medical tx b.fluids & keep child well hydrated c. take child to pcp so rapid throat culture can be done d.swallow w/ min pain increase fluid | |
| 2.RN consultin w/ a mother of 8yo whohas throat pain & fever. RN edu mother bout con w/ untreated pharyngitis that may result in damage to heart valves & joint pain. What con is being referenced? a.diphtheria b.pertussis c.influenza d.rheumatic fever | |
| transmission of the common cold (Rhinitis) | indirect, droplet |
| prevention for common col | hygiene practices |
| treatment of the common cold | none |
| common cold is also known as | rhinitis |
| these are S&S of? sneezing, scratchy throat, runny nose, | common cold rhinitis |
| sinusitis is also called | sinus infection |
| causative agent for sinusitis can be | virus, bacterial, mixed, or fungal |
| virus sinusitis transmission is | direct, indirect |
| bacterial/ mixed sinusitis transmission is | endogenous (opportunism) |
| fungal sinusitis transmission is | trauma, or opportunistic over growth |
| viruses sinusitis prevention is | hygiene |
| sinusitis viruses treatment is | none |
| sinusitis bacterial/ mixed treatment is | antibiotics |
| fungal sinusitis treatment is | physical removal, antifungals |
| streptococcus pneumonia otis media transmission is | endogenous |
| streptococcus pneumonia otis media prevention is | pnuemococcal conjugate vaccine |
| streptococcus pneumonia otis media treatment | solves itsself or amoxicillin |
| Haemophilus influenzae otis media transission is | endogenous |
| Haemophilus influenzae otis media prevention is | hib vaccine |
| Haemophilus influenzae otis media treatment is | solves it self or amoxicillin |
| with otitis media bacteria travels up | eustachian tube |
| S&S of _____? inflammation, effusion, fever | otitis media |
| inflammation, pain, swelling, is S&S for | pharyngitis |
| streptococcus pharyngitis transmission is | droplet or direct |
| streptococcus pharyngitis virulence factors is | M protein, autoimmunity, superantignes, peroxidase, exotoxins |
| how is pharyngitis diagnosed | rapid test, culture |
| streptococcus pharyngitis prevention is | hygiene |
| streptococcus pharyngitis treatment is | penicillin |
| Are complications of ? Glomerulonephritis Scarlet Fever Rheumatic Fever | Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis |
| ___ exotoxin gets into the blood and leads to complications like myocarditis and neuritis. | diphtheria |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae is causative for | diphtheria |
| diphtheria transmission is | droplet, direct, indirect |
| prevention for diphtheria is | diphtheria toxoid vaccine (DTaP vaccine) |
| diphtheria treatment is | antitoxin and penicillin |
| Sore throat, swollen glands, nasal discharge are S&S for | Sore throat, swollen glands, nasal discharge |
| diphtheria hallmark sign is a | sheet of thick, gray material covering the back of your throat. pseudomembrane |
| ____ contributes to infectivity by binding to host cell receptors of the respiratory mucosa, a process that facilitates viral penetration | hemagglutinin |
| ___ breaks down the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract, assists in viral budding and release, keeps viruses from sticking together, and participates in host cell fusion. | neuraminidase |
| ___ include headache, chills, dry cough, body aches, fever, stuffy nose, and sore throat. | influenza |
| This constant mutation of the glycoproteins is called | antigenic drift |
| ___ is the swapping out of one of those genes or strands with a gene or strand from a different influenza virus | antigenic shift |
| antigenic drift and shift is relevant to the flu because | it switches 1 strand genome that immunology does not detect |
| Headache, chills, dry cough, myalgia, fever, stuffy nose, sore throat, fatigue are S&S for | influenza |
| influenza beings in the | upper respiratory tract |
| __ viruses are named according to the different types of H and N spikes they display on their surfaces. | flu a |
| __ viruses are not divided into subtypes because they are thought to undergo only antigenic drift and not antigenic shift. | flu b |
| __ viruses are thought to cause only minor respiratory disease and are probably not involved in epidemics. | flu c |
| the dry cold air makes respiratory tract mucous membranes more brittle, with microscopic cracks that facilitate invasion by viruses. which is why __? | winter is flu season |
| flu transmisison is | droplet, direct, indirect |
| flu virulence factors has the ability to | change genetically and slow down immune system |
| flu prevention is | vaccine |
| flu treatment is | oseltamivir or zanamivir (antivirals) |
Created by:
xokitty17xo
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