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Meiosis

Sexual Reproduction

Meiosis An example of sexual reproduction
Homologous Pairs A pair of chromosomes (one from mom and one from dad) that are the same shape, same height, and have genes in the same place
Purpose of Meiosis To create gametes
Gametes Sex cells
Female gamete Egg (ovum)
Male gamete Sperm
Cross over When chromosomes exchange genetic material, it breaks off and reattaches to the other chromosome
End Result of Meiosis 4 haploid cells (23 chromosomes) that are all different
Haploid 1 set of chromosomes, or half the number of chromosomes
Germ cells Cells that reproduce using meiosis
Purpose of Mitosis Growth and repair of damaged tissues
End result of Mitosis 2 cells that look genetically identical
Diploid Two sets of chromosomes, or the total number of chromosomes of an organism
Haploid number for humans 23
Diploid number for humans 46
Somatic cells Body cells like bone, blood, skin, and hair
Cells that reproduce using mitosis Somatic cells
Cells that reproduce using meiosis Germ cells
Fertilization When the sperm fuses with the egg
Cells that are haploid Sperm or egg (ovum)
Cells that are diploid Somatic cells, like bone, blood, skin, anything except the gametes
Zygote A fertilized egg that contains 46 chromosomes
Is the zygote haploid or diploid, and why? Diploid, because two haploid cells (sperm and ovum/egg) fuse to make it diploid)
Created by: jafulle3
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