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Respiratory system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the respiratory system | Our bodies required oxygen for metabolic reactions |
| What is the dual purpose of the respiratory system | Consumption and utilisation of oxygen and the elimination of carbon dioxide |
| What are the three functions of the nasal passage? | Filter, warm and moisten |
| How does our nose filter air which enters | Mucus is a sticky substance which blocks bacteria entering our bodies |
| How does our nasal passage heat up | The blood vessels that pass through the lining of the nose |
| What moistens our nose | Water vapour |
| What is a ciliates membrane | It filters and traps dust particles by sending them to the throat for elimination |
| What is our epiglottis | Prevents food passing down our trachea |
| What is the trachea also known as | Windpipe |
| What hold the trachea open | Rings of cartilage |
| What is the function of the trachea | Main airway to lungs |
| What are bronchi | Tubes which come from trachea |
| Bronchi split into smaller tubes, what are these called? | Bronchioles |
| What are alveoli? | Small air sacs attached to bronchioles that allow gas exchange to happen |
| What is the structure of alveoli | Thin walled and spongy |
| What surround the alveoli | Capillaries |
| What gas passes from alveoli into the capillaries | Oxygen |
| What gas passes from capillaries to alveoli | Carbon dioxide |
| Why does the left lung only have two lives while the right one has three | It has to create space for the heart |
| Why does the diaphragm sit higher on the right side | The liver sits directly below |
| What is the double membrane called that surround the lungs | Pleural membrane |
| What is the lining on the inside of the pleural membrane called | Visceral pleura |
| What is the lining on the outside of the pleural membrane called | Parietal pleura |
| How does the pleural membrane help the expansion and contraction of the lungs | A fluid is released |
| Before inspiration, what is the pressure inside the lungs compared to outside | Equal |
| When we breathe air in, does the volume become higher or lower than atmospheric pressure | Lower |
| What happens to the volume size of the lungs when we breathe in | Increases |
| What does internal respiration mean | Exchange of gases between cells and blood |
| What does external respiration mean? | Movement of gases in and out of lungs between lungs and blood |
| What does pulmonary respiration mean | Movement in and out of lungs |
| What gas passes from our blood to our cells | Oxygen |
| What products pass from our cells to our blood | Carbon dioxide and water |
| What do our capillaries merge with after gas exchange has taken place | Venules |
| What is the reason for the merge of capillaries and venules | To carry waste in veins back to the heart to be pumped to lungs and breathed out |
| What is respiratory gas transportation | The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the tissue cells of the body |
| What is the average breathing rate for a healthy adult | 12 respiration’s per minute |
| What controls our breathing rates | The respiratory centre in our brains |
| What assists our brains with breathing rates | The diaphragm, intercostal muscles and stretch receptors found in the walls of the bronchioles and alveoli |
| What is anaerobic respiration | Exercising during the absence of oxygen |
| What is the substance produced when oxygen is used up in our bodies | Lactic acid |
| What does lactic acid do? | Eventually slows down our bodies and stops the muscles from working |
| When our breathing rate increases, what does it help to breakdown | Lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water |
| What is tidal volume | The volume inspired and expired per breath |
| What is vital capacity | Maximum volume forcefully expired after maximal inspiration |
| What is total lung capacity | The total volume our lungs can hold after maximum inspiration |
| What is residual volume | The volume remaining at the end of maximal expiration |
| What is minute ventilation | The volume of air inspired and expired per minute |
| Dead space | Volume of air in the trachea that does not take part in gas exchange |
| How do you work out your total lung capacity | The vital capacity and the residual volume added together |
Created by:
3ilidh_4
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