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Meiosis Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Gametes(s) A mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Haploid (of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. (of an organism or part) composed of haploid cells.
Oogenesis The production or development of an ovum
Ovum/ova :A mature female reproductive cell, especially of a human or other animal, which can divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell.
Sperm Semen
Zygote A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum
Tetrad A group or set of four.
Synapsis The fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis.
Fertilization The action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
Disjunction A lack of correspondence or consistency.
Gametogenesis The process in which cells undergo meiosis to form gametes.
Homologous chromosome: (of chromosomes) pairing at meiosis and having the same structural features and pattern of genes.
Crossing over The exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.
Gonads An organ that produces gametes; a testis or ovary.
Spermatogenesis The production or development of mature spermatozoa.
Polar Bodies Each of the small cells which bud off from an oocyte at the two meiotic divisions and do not develop into ova.
Meiosis A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
Variation The occurrence of an organism in more than one distinct color or form.
Nondisjunction The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei.
Created by: 1007542
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