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MITOSIS VOCABULARY

QuestionAnswer
Mitosis Process by which the hereditary material in the parent CELL replicates and divides into two (2) IDENTICAL daughter nuclei (cells)
Cell cycle- continuous growth and division of the cells
Cell division is a complex series of changes in the NUCLEUS of the cell, resulting into new cells.
Replication the genetic material in the nucleus of the parent cell doubles
Chromatin uncoiled dna and RNA( proteins), are thin twisted thread
Chromatid Half of a duplicated chromosome
Chromosome Cell structures that are SHORTENED, THICK rod- shaped chromatids and made of DNA and proteins, and contains hereditary information
Centromere a specialized structure on the chromosome, which holds sister chromatids together
Cytokinesis The cell membrane pinches in and the CYTOPLASM divides into two This can occur in late anaphase or after Telophase
Centrioles Organelle that helps with cell division in animal cells. The centrioles help in the formation of the spindle fibers that separate the chromosomes during cell division (mitosis).
Daughter nuclei The two nuclei that result from the division of a single nucleus,
Clone a group of identical cells that derive from the same cell (identical copy)
Diploid (number) 2n/ 46 chromosomes in every somatic cell
Asexual reproduction a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from ONLY A single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only(identical)
Interphase Is the ‘RESTING PHASE’ which occurs between mitotic cycles. The cell grows and replicates here.
Cell plate a plate that develops at the midpoint between the two groups of chromosomes in a dividing cell and that is involved in forming the wall between the two new daughter cells.
Binary fission EQUAL division of the cytoplasm
Grafting cutting & splicing two different plants
Cancer Gene mutations in a cell can result in uncontrolled cell division
Prophase first phase, double chromosomes are VISIBLE nuclear membrane disappears aster and spindle fibers appear
Created by: KiaraSpeight14
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