The amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C.

1st law of thermodynamics

Conservation of energy or energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another form.

2nd law of thermodynamics

Energy cannot be changed from one form to another form without a loss of usable energy.

3rd law of thermodynamics

Entropy-disorganized. All lost heat/energy goes up.

Diffuse energy and lease usable form

Energy currency of cells. Contains sugar ribose, nitrogen-containing base adenine, and 3 phosphate groups that are negatively charged.

The continual breakdown and regeneration of ATP.

They allow the energy releasing reaction to provide the energy needed to start the energy-requiring reaction.

Process occurring usually when chloroplasts, where by chlorophyll-containing organelles trap solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.

Membrane-bound organelle in algae and plants with chlorophyll-containing membranous thylakoids; where photosynthesis takes place.

Green pigment that absorbs solar energy and is important in algal and plant photosynthesis.

Flattened sac within a granum whose membrane contains chlorophyll and where the light reactions of photosynthesis occur.

Metabolic reaction that uses the energy from the breakdown of carbohydrates (primarily glucose), fatty acids, or amino acids to produce ATP molecules. Consist of a series of reactions that produce the end products of energy.

The chemical reaction in a cell are linked to occur in a particular order. In the pathway, one reaction leads to the next reaction, which leads to the next reaction, and so forth, in an organized, highly structured manner.

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Biology Chapter 5

Chapter 5 vocabulary 1

Term	Definition
Energy	The capacity to do work.
Potential energy	Stored energy
Kinetic energy	Energy in motion
Calorie	The amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C.
Kilocalories	1,000 calories (C)
1st law of thermodynamics	Conservation of energy or energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another form.
2nd law of thermodynamics	Energy cannot be changed from one form to another form without a loss of usable energy.
3rd law of thermodynamics	Entropy-disorganized. All lost heat/energy goes up.
Heat	Diffuse energy and lease usable form
ATP	Energy currency of cells. Contains sugar ribose, nitrogen-containing base adenine, and 3 phosphate groups that are negatively charged.
ATP cycle	The continual breakdown and regeneration of ATP.
ADP	ATP + P
AMP	ADP + P
Coupled reaction	They allow the energy releasing reaction to provide the energy needed to start the energy-requiring reaction.
Photosynthesis	Process occurring usually when chloroplasts, where by chlorophyll-containing organelles trap solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
Chloroplast	Membrane-bound organelle in algae and plants with chlorophyll-containing membranous thylakoids; where photosynthesis takes place.
Chlorophyll	Green pigment that absorbs solar energy and is important in algal and plant photosynthesis.
Thylakoid	Flattened sac within a granum whose membrane contains chlorophyll and where the light reactions of photosynthesis occur.
Cellular respiration	Metabolic reaction that uses the energy from the breakdown of carbohydrates (primarily glucose), fatty acids, or amino acids to produce ATP molecules. Consist of a series of reactions that produce the end products of energy.
Metabolic pathway	The chemical reaction in a cell are linked to occur in a particular order. In the pathway, one reaction leads to the next reaction, which leads to the next reaction, and so forth, in an organized, highly structured manner.

Created by: jwatts1

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