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Cardiac

EKG Basics

QuestionAnswer
Who invented first EKG? Willem Einthoven
What is the standard speed of operation for an EKG? 25 mm/sec
waveform a sequence of deflections from the baseline
polarity the direction of the deflection; upright, inverted, flat, or biphasic
vector having direction & magnitude
P wave represents atrial depolarization
Q wave represents early ventricular depolarization
R wave represents the net movement of depolarization toward the apex
S wave represents ventricular depolarization
T wave represents ventricular repolarization
P-R interval represents time between onset of atrial depolarization & onset of ventricular depolarization
QRS interval measure total ventricular depolarization time
S-T segment represents the time at which the entire ventricle is depolarized
Q-T interval represents the time for both ventricular depolarization & repolarization
What is the normal time for P-R interval? 0.12 - 0.2 seconds
What is the normal time for QRS? 0.06 - 0.1 seconds
Which leads are bipolar? Leads I, II, & III
What are the 3 augmented limb leads? aVR, aVL, & aVF
What is the axis of lead I? 0 degrees
What is the axis of lead II? 60 degrees
What is the axis of lead III? 120 degrees
What is the axis of lead aVR? -150 degrees
What is the axis of lead aVL? -30 degrees
What is the axis of lead aVF? 90 degrees
In what plane do all limb leads measure vectors? coronal plane
In what plane do all precordial leads measure? horizontal plane
Which precordial leads provide info about RV & IVS/septal wall? V1 & V2
Which precordial leads provide info about the lateral wall? V5 & V6
Which precordial leads provide info about the anterior wall? V3 & V4
How is the P vector usually directed? leftward, inferiorly, & slightly anterior
How is the Q vector usually directed? to the right, anteriorly & superiorly
How is the R vector usually directed? leftward, inferiorly & posteriorly
How is the S vector usually directed? to the right & superiorly
What is the Rule of 300? HR=300/# of big boxes between QRS complexes
What is the 10 second Rule? HR=6 x #of QRS complexes on strip
Created by: ginaliane
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