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Taxonomy and Cladogr
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who is known as the father of taxonomy? | Carolus Linnaeus |
| A systematic process of classifying living organisms into different groups based on their physical traits and genetic relationships. | Taxonomy |
| The highest and broadest level of classification | Domain |
| What is the order of the levels of classification? | Domain-Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species |
| Organisms are commonly referred to according to the two most specific taxonomic levels: genus and species, which are often Latin. This is called-- | Binomial nomenclature |
| What is the taxonomic name of modern humans? | Homo sapiens |
| T or F: The genus is always capitalized, the species is lowercase, and the whole name is written in italics. | True |
| Scientists who study taxonomy and use the classification system to identify and name organisms. | Taxonomists |
| Taxonomists often have advanced degrees in- | zoology, animal physiology, botany, or other related fields. |
| What are the three domains? | Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya |
| T or F: The domains differ fundamentally in their cellular structures and genetic makeup. | True |
| Which domains consist of unicellular prokaryotes that are surrounded by a thick cell wall? | Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea |
| T or F: Bacteria can be found barely anywhere on Earth, and they are poorly diverse. | False |
| T or F: Most bacteria are beneficial and serve a necessary role in their environment. | True |
| How are the domains or Bacteria and Archaea different? | The cell walls of Archaea are composed differently from the cell walls of Bacteria. |
| Which domain is able to survive in some of the most extreme environments of the Earth? | Domain Archaea |
| Which domain's cells contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelles? | Domain Eukarya |
| T or F: Most eukaryotic species are unicellular. | False |
| Which domain contains the most well-known organisms? | Domain Eukarya |
| How many kingdoms does domain Eukarya consists of? | Four |
| Name the kingdoms. | Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia |
| Many protistas are- | unicellular |
| Examples of protists- | phytoplankton, red and brown algae, and dinoflagellates. |
| Plants are multicellular organisms that are able to | photosynthesize |
| The Plantae kingdom consists of- | plants |
| What differentiates fungi from plants? | Fungi have a cell wall, which is usually made of chitin instead of cellulose, and they cannot photosynthesize; they are heterotrophs. |
| A primary difference that differs fungi from other eukaryotes is that fungi grow long filaments called- | hyphae |
| T or F: Animals are multicellular, are heterotrophic, and have cells lacking a cell wall. | True |
| T or F: Animals vary little in their body plans, reproduction, methods for obtaining food, and many other factors. | False |
| Which kingdom are humans a part of? | Animalia |
| A branched diagram resembling a tree that shows the evolutionary relationship among organisms. | Cladogram |
| Nodes | Places where a lineage branches off in a cladogram |
| What is the purpose of a cladogram? | To show how similarities between organisms are derived from common ancestry |
| What do nodes represent? | Speciation events |
| T or F: The more the number of nodes between organisms, the more closely they are related. | False |
| Why are cladograms so useful? | They provide scientists with a visual summary of how organisms in any taxonomic grouping are related. |
Created by:
Doerre923
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