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Classification Vocab
Doerre Biology 2018-2019 Classification and Taxonomy Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Domain Bacteria | Made up of unicellular organisms. These are prokaryotic organisms, so they lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, but have a cell wall that contains peptidoglycan. Can survive in nearly everywhere on Earth. Many can cause infections. |
Domain Archaea | Unicellular organisms; prokaryotic. Contain unique lipids and lack peptidoglycan in their cell wall. Can survive in very extreme environments. |
Domain Eukarya | Mostly multicellular organisms, have membrane-bound organelles and nucleus. Are eukaryotic. Can be found in a variety of different environments. Classified in four kingdoms: Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia. |
Binomial Nomenclature | Scientific name of a specific organism, consists of the genus and species. |
Kingdom Protista | Very unique, often classified this way because of the large differences compared to other kingdoms. Very diverse, includes differences in appearance, mobility, reproduction, and ways of extracting food. Many are unicellular. |
Kingdom Plantae | Are autotrophs that photosynthesize. Have a cell wall made of cellulose. Are all multicellular. Lack mobility. |
Kingdom Fungi | Similar to plants, but still have many differences. Some are unicellular, while others are multicellular. Have cell walls usually made of chitin. Are heterotrophs. Absorb food through enzyme secretion, also acts as a decomposing agent. |
Kingdom Animalia | Are multicellular. Do not have cell walls. Are usually very mobile. |
Dichotomous Key | Flow chart made up of questions or paired statements about an organism. Classification by traits. |
Cladogram | Branched diagram that shows the evolutionary relationship between organisms. Classification by ancestry. |
Nodes | Places were lineage breaks off in a cladogram. The less nodes, the closer organisms are related. |