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Taxonomy
Taxonomy Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Binomial Nomenclature | The system of naming organisms scientifically, developed by Carolus Linnaeus; consists of the genus and species names. |
| Kingdom | The highest level of taxonomic classification beneath that of the three domains. |
| Phylum | The taxonomic level below kingdom and above class. |
| Class | The taxonomic level below phylum and above order. |
| Order | The taxonomic level below class and above family. |
| Family | The taxonomic level below order and above genus. |
| Genus | The taxonomic below the family and above the species; the first part of the binomial nomenclature. |
| Species | A group of organisms that can interbreed to generate fertile offspring. |
| Cladogram | A branching diagram representing a hypothesis about the evolutionary descent of groups of organisms from a common. ancestor. |
| Dichotomous Key | A tool used to classify an organism through a series of questions with only two possible answers. |
| Ancestry (Ancestries) | The lineage of successive parents and offspring that leads to an organism or species. |
| Cladistics | A classification system based on shared characteristics between groups of organisms and their common ancestor. |
| Unicellular | Composed of a single cell. |
| Multicellular | Composed of more than one cell |
| Heterotrophic (heterotroph) | An organism that must consume other organisms for energy. |
| Autotrophic (autotroph) | An organism that obtains its energy from an abiotic sourse such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals. |
| Chemotrophic (chemotroph) | An organism that can produce its own nourishment through the process of oxidizing inorganic compounds. |
| Eukaryoutic Cell | A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. |
| Prokaryotic Cell | A cell lacking a nucleus or any other membrane-enclosed organelle. |
| Sexual Reproduction | The reproductive process involving two parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves. |
| Asexual Reproduction | A method of reproduction that requires only one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent. |
| Phylogeny | The evolutionary development of a species. |
| Carolus Linnaeus | an 18th century scientist who focused his studies on plants. Known as the "Father of Taxonomy" |
| Taxonomy | s systematic process of classifying living organisms into different groups based on their physical traits and genetic relationships |
| What is are the levels of classification from broadest to most specific? | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| Organisms are most often referred to using their _______ and ______. This is called ________ _________. | Organisms are most often referred to using their genus and species. This is called binomial nomenclature. |
| The genus is __________, while the species is _____________. | The genus is capitalized, while the species is lowercase. |
| Binomial nomenclature are written is what font? | Italics |
| Taxonomists | The scientists who study taxonomy and use the classification system to identify and name organisms. |
| What are the three domains? | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya |
| Domain Bacteria | The domain that is mainly made up of unicellular prokaryotes. |
| Bacterial Traits | -can be found almost everywhere on Earth -diverse -some need a host, while others don't -some use oxygen, others don't -photosynthetic -some can cause infections -beneficial |
| Domain Archaea | The domain that is mainly made of unicellular prokaryotes. But these prokaryotes have cell walls that differ from Bacteria by composition. |
| Archaea Trait | -can live almost everywhere, in extreme temperatures |
| Domain Eukarya | The domain that contains eukaryotic organisms, mostly multicellular, but not all. Are very diverse |
| What are the Four Kingdoms of Eukarya? | Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia |
| Protista | Ancient and unique eukaryotes, with many being unicellular. Some are photosynthetic. |
| Plantae | The Kingdom that contains plants, or autotrophs. |
| Fungi | The Kingdom that contains, Fungi. Some are multicellular, while others are unicellular. They are heterotophs. |
| Hyphae | A filament that fungi grow that helps differentiate them from plants. |
| Animalia | The Kingdom that contains animals. It is very diverse, but all the organisms in it are multicellular. They have all been motile in a part of their lives. |
| sessile | immobile or fixed in one place |
| setae | hair like bristles used for movement |
| Cladogram | a branched diagram resembling a tree that shows the evolutionary relationship among organisms. |
| nodes | places where a lineage branches off in a cladogram. |
Created by:
Doerre12
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