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Chapter 19

Viruses

QuestionAnswer
virus an infectious particle consisting of little more than genes packaged in a protein coat
capsid the protein shell enclosing the viral genome is called a capsid.
viral envelopes derived from the membranes of the host cell, contain host cell phospholipids and membrane proteins
viral replicative cycle -virus enters the cell and is uncoated, releasing viral DNA and capsid proteins -Host enzymes replicate the viral genome -host enzymes transcribe the viral genome into viral mRNA -viral genome exit cell
relicative cycle of an enveloped RNA virus -Glycoproteins on the viral envelope bind to receptor -Viral genome release -Sythesized complementary RNA strands - new copies RNA and translation -transport and assemble
reverse transcriptase transcribes an RNA template into DNA, an RNA-->DNA information flow that is the opposite of the usual direction.
provirus never leaves the host's genome, remaining a permanent resident of the cell
vaccine harmless derivative of a pathogen that stimulates the immune system to mount defenses against the harmful pathogen
antibiotics help recover from bacterial infection are powerless against viruses. Kill bacteria by inhibiting enzymes specific to bacteria but have no effect on eukaryotic or virally encoded enzymes
Created by: savepeople
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