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BIO Final Exam

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following defines a genome? The complete set of an organism's GENES and other DNA sequences.
Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n=26? A gamete from this species has 13 chromosomes.
In a plant's sexual life cycle___ Gametophytes produce GAMETES by MITOSIS
Homologous chromosomes___ Carry information for the SAME traits
The human X and Y chromosomes____ Include genes that determine an individual's sex
Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I? Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other.
Sister chromatids separate from each other during___ Mitosis and Meiosis II
Crossing over normally takes place during which of the following processes? Meiosis I
Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of ___ The random way EACH PAIR of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I
When homologous chromosomes cross over, what occurs? Corresponding segments of DNA on HOMOLOGOUS chromosomes are exchanged.
How is natural selection related to sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual reproduction? Sexual reproduction results in many new gene combinations, some will lead to BETTER adaptation to the environment.
A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for head shape (H) and one for tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following genotypes is possible in a gamete from this organism? ht
Mendel accounted for the observation that traits that had disappeared in the F1 generation reappeared in the F2 generation by proposing that ___ Traits can be dominant or recessive, and the recessive traits were obscured by the dominant ones in the F1
Phenylkenonuria is a genetic disorder that results in the inability to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive. Two parents who do not have PKU have a daughter with PKU. pp
The daughter from questions 16 and 17 goes on to marry a man w/o PKU. They have 3 children, all without PKU. What is the father's genotype? Cannot be determined based on this information.
Which of the following describes the ability of a single allele to have multiple phenotypic effects? Pleiotropy
Which of the following is an example of multifactorial inheritance? Skin pigmentation in humans
Which of the following provides an example of epistasis? In rabbits and many other mammals, one genotype prevents any fur color from developing.
Cytosine makes up 24% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine? 26%
What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regarding the strands that make up DNA? One strand runs 5' - 3' and the other strand runs 3'-5'
Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand in the 5'-3' direction? DNA polymerase
Eukaryotic telomeres replicate differently than the rest of the chromosome. This is a consequence of which of the following? Gaps left at the 5' end of the lagging strand
A new DNA strand elongates only in the 5'to 3' direction because___ DNA polymerase begins by adding nucleotides at the 5' end of the template
What is the function of topoisomerase? Relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork
What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication? It joins Okazaki fragments together.
What is a telomere? The ends of linear chromosomes
A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is AGT. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is___ UCA
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically conclude which of the following? A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism
In the process of transcription RNA is synthesized
What was Beadle and Tatum's hypothesis? Every enzyme came from a gene
What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant? More than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acid
According to the central dogma, what molecule should go in the blank? DNA-____-Proteins mRNA
A ribozyme is an RNA with catalytic activity
Alternative RNA splicing ___ Can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA
Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is true? Introns are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
Translation requires___ mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
How does termination of translation take place? A stop codon is reached
A nonsense mutation in a gene ___ Introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA
Which of the following DNA mutations is most likely to damage the protein it specifies? A base-pair deletion
A single base substitution mutation is least likely to be deleterious when the base change results in___ A codon that specifies the same amino acid as the original codon
Created by: itsslyss
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