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ELL Biology Ch 5
Heredity and Genetics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
trait | an inherited characteristic |
heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
genetics | the study of heredity |
gene | a factor that controls inherited traits |
dominant | describes a gene or trait that will always show itself |
recessive | describes a gene or trait that will be hidden when the dominant gene or trait is present |
homozygous | having two like genes for the same trait |
heterozygous | having two unlike genes for the same trait |
genotype | the gene combination for a given trait in an organism |
phenotype | the appearance of a trait in an organism |
Punnett Square | a chart that shows possible gene combinations |
DNA | the large molecules in a cell that store genetic information |
RNA | a molecule in a cell used in the making of proteins |
pedigree | a chart that shows how a certain trait is passed from generation to generation |
mutation | a change in a gene |
genetic engineering | the methods used to change the genetic information in the DNA of cells or organisms |