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SLSbio11CellbiologGN
SLS Bio11 Cellbiology GN
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chromatin | Mostly makes up chromosomes and organisms. It is comprised of RNA, DNA, and protein |
| Chromosome | A structure made up of DNA and protein that carries genetic information |
| Cilia | Tiny hairs that sweep up mucus and bacteria. They are usually found in the respiratory track |
| Citric acid cycle | Also known as the crab cycle, it makes use of glucose (sometimes protein and fats) and breaks it down to get ATP. then, ATP is transported to where it needs to go. |
| cristae | they are found in mitochondria and are highly folded surfaces which give the mitochondria more SA |
| crossing over | when homologous chromosomes cross over in meiosis |
| cytoplasm | the jelly like fluid that is found in cells |
| diploid | A cell that has two sets of DNA in it |
| eukaryotic cell | Cells that have a nucleus |
| fermantation | Fermentation is an aerobic process that happens when there is no oxygen. (not a very reliable source for ATP) |
| aerobic | an organism that requires oxygen or air |
| anabolism | The process of creating energy from smaller units. This is used in photosynthesis and protein synthesis (plants use this) |
| apoptosis | The death of a cell the is planned or organized |
| Calvin cycle | A process that happens in chloroplast and is involved in photosynthesis. |
| the cell theory | A theory that states that all organisms are made of one or more cells |
| cellulare respiration | When an organism absorbs oxygen and releases carbon dioxide |
| chlorophyll | Is a pigment that absorbs light and uses it to break down water into oxygen |
| chloroplast | A chloroplast is an organelle that uses photosynthesis to power most plant cells |
| gamete | A haploid that is able to interact with another haploid that is a gamete to reproduce |
| glycolysis | When the body breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid. This creates a lot of ATP but requires oxygen |
| granum | They are found in chloroplasts and are used for the light dependent process of photosynthesis |
| haploid | A cell that has one set of DNA in it |
| light reaction | A reaction that depends on light rays |
| matrix | the material or tissue of the cell |
| meiosis | a cell reproduction that makes four daughter cells that have half of there chromosomes from each parent |
| mitosis | A cell division where a cell produces two daughter cells that are identical |
| photosynthesis | A process that absorbs light from the sun to create glucose while also using carbon dioxide and water |
| prokaryotic cells | A cell that is not composed of any organelles |
| stroma | the fluid area in the chloroplast that is outside of the thylakoid. where the Calvin cycle takes place |
| thylakoid | is bound to the membrane of a chloroplast and is involved in the light dependent reaction |
| catabolism | The process of taking bigger molecules and breaking them down so the energy can be absorbed (animals use this) |
| cell cycle | the cycle that cells use to reproduce. This includes mitosis, meiosis, cytokinesis, and interphase |
Created by:
Graeme.N
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