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Unit 1 Biology

Germ Theory, Viruses, Diseases, etc

TermDefinition
Lysogenic Infection Process in which viral DNA becomes part of a host cell's DNA
Prion Misfolded protein that causes disease in animals
Bacteriophage Virus that infects bacteria
Antibiotic Compound that can block the growth and reproduction of bacteria
Virus A particle made of genetic material and a capid that can replicate only by infecting living cells
Prokaryote Organism consisting of one cell that lacks a nucleus
Prophage Bacteriophage DNA that is embedded in the host's DNA
Pathogen Disease-causing microorganism
Lytic Infection Process in which a host cell bursts after being invaded by a virus
Endospore Protective structure formed by a prokaryote when growth conditions are unfavorable
Binary Fission How bacteria reproduce; Process in which a bacterium replicates its DNA and divides in half
Vaccine Preparation of weakened or killed pathogens or inactivated toxins used to produce immunity
Capsid A protein surrounding a virus
Ribovirus Viruses that have RNA as their genetic material
SARS, MRSA, Ebola, and bird flu are all example of this Viral Infection / Disease
Robert Koch Identified the specific microbes that caused diseases and came up with four postulates
Ignaz Semelweiss Many women were dying during childbirth, becuase of something called "childbed fever" so he came up with the idea that doctors should wash their hands before delivering babies
Edward Jenner Developed a vaccine against smallpox after observing that people who got cowpox did not get smallpox
Louis Pasteur Developed "germ theory" which proposed that specific microbes acted as disease fighting agents
Robert Hooke Developed his own microscope and invented the term "cell"
Antoni van Leewenhoek One of the first to observe microbes (living, moving, microorganisms)
Rudolph Virchow All cells come from other cells. All diseases are caused by cell that do not work properly.
Joseph Lister After research, he introduced sterilizing clothing and equipment in surgery
This theory states that pathogens are what causes disease Germ Theory of Disease
Flagellum what bacteria uses to move
Viroid infectious RNA that passes through seeds or pollen to cause disease in plants
Rod-shaped prokaryotes bacilli
Spiral-shaped prokaryotes spirilla or spirochetes
Round-shaped (spherical) prokaryotes cocci
Antibiotics Chemicals that kill or slow the growth of bacteria. It only works on living things without a cell wall (AKA humans).
Another name for a disease-causing agent Pathogen
Infectious Disease A disease carried by a pathogen that is transmitted from organism to organism
The Use of Koch's Postulates is... To identify the cause of a certain disease
What is the treatment for pathogens? Prevention
What is the treatment for protists (malaria)? Chloroquine and ACTs (artemisinin-based combination therapy)
What is the treatment for bacteria? Antibiotics
What is the treatment for viruses? Vaccines
Conjugation The transfer of genetic material between two prokaryotes; A process in which some bacteria exchange genetic material
Prokaryote A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus. Classified into bacteria and archaea.
Endocytosis How a virus gets inside a cell
Lysogenic Cycle The viral DNA combines with the host DNA. Whenever the cell divides, the virus is copied into daughter cells. A trigger causes the Lytic Cycle to start
Lytic Cycle When viral DNA takes over and uses energy from the host to reproduce
Created by: SLYHS2018
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