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G9-Science
Science Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| population | all the individuals of species that occupy a particular geographic area at a certain time. |
| carrying capacity | the size of a population that can be supported indefinitely by the available resources and services of an ecosystem. |
| ecological niche | the way in which an organism occupies a position in an ecosystem, including all the necessary biotic and abiotic factors. |
| predator | an organism that kills and consumes other organisms |
| parasitism | an organism whose niche is dependent on a close association with a larger host organism. |
| unsustainable use | use that does not lead to long-term depletion of a resource or affect the diversity of the ecosystem from which the resources is obtained. |
| intensification | the creation high- density residential areas and compact developments. |
| exponential growth | accelerating growth that produces a J-shaped curve when the population is graphed against time. |
| equilibrium | the balance between opposing forces. |
| habitat | a place where an organism lives. |
| prey | an organism that is eaten as food by a predator. |
| mutualism | a symbiotic relationship between two species in which both species benefit from the relationship. |
| doubling time | the period of time that is required for a population to double in size. |
| sustainability | use of earths resources, including land and water, at levels that can continue forever. |
| limiting factors | a factor that limits the growth, distribution or amount of a population in an ecosystem. |
| urban sprawl | the growth of relatively low-density development on the edges of urban areas. |
| watershed | an area of land over which the run-off drains into a body of water. |
| competition | when two or more organisms compete for the same resource in the same location at the same time. |
| desertification | the change of non-desert land into a desert, which may result from climate change or from unsustainable farming or water use. |
| ecological footprint | a measure of the impact of an individual or a population on the environment in terms of energy consumption, land use, and waste production |
| ecosystem services | the benefits experienced by organisms, including humans, that are provided y sustainable ecosystems. |
| how do you identify exponential growth graphically? | an indication that there was exponential growth is a J-curve |
| list abiotic and biotic limiting factors | abiotic: food, water, oxygen, space availability. biotic: predators, competition, urban sprawl. |
| how to identify carrying capacity graphically. | if the population is increasing then suddenly decreases then becomes equilibrium, we can tell the population reached its carrying capacity. |
| how can carrying capacity change as a result of abiotic and biotic limiting factors | |
| how does human activity effect populations of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. give examples. | |
| what is urban sprawl and how can intensification reduce it | its when people build new homes and new businesses near the outer edge of a city. intensification policy requires that a large percentage of new development must occur on land within the boundaries of the city. |
| what is an ecological niche. give an example | when species have jobs in the sense of providing benefits to their ecosystem. abiotic niche for the big brown bat is the place they hibernate, when they hunt, where it flies while hunting. biotic niche is the insects it eats, competitors, and predators. |
| an example of a predator-prey relationship | lynx and hare (lynx eats the hare) |
| what is bottom up regulation | when the prey population decreases, the predator population decreases |
| what is top down regulation | when the predator population increases, the prey population decreases. |
| what factors can increase/ decrease ecological footprints | your energy consumption, land use, waste production. |
| what is the difference between sustainable and non-sustainable use of resources | being sustainable is when you are aware of the amount of resources you use, and use only what you need. non-sustainable is when you keep on using resources even if they are not needed |
| what are the 5 types of interactions amongst species | predation, competition, parasitism, mutualism and commensalism |
| give an example of predation | when a lynx hunts and consumes a hare, the lynx is the predator and the process is called predation |
| give an example competition | when dandelions and grass compete for the same resources (water, sunlight) |
| give an example of parasitism | |
| give an example of mutualism | algae lives inside coral. the algae provides the coral with energy. the coral provides algae with protection, nutrients and a constant supply of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. |
| give an example of commensalism | a spider makes a web on a tree. The spider is benefitting but the tree is either benefitting to in harm. |
Created by:
caitlynkummer
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