Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
B5 Revision
Genes,Inheritance, and Selection
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are Chromosomes? | Long molecules of DNA |
| What is a Genome? | Entire genetic material of an organism |
| What is a Gene? | A short length of a chromosome |
| What do genes determine and what else? | Proteins and the type of protein |
| The production of different proteins controls what? | Different characteristics like Dimples, and how organism functions |
| Genes can exist in | Different versions, gives different form of characteristics e.g blue or brown eyes |
| What are differences in species called? | Variation |
| Genotype | all of the Genes and alleles |
| Phenotype | Characteristics it displays |
| Organisms genes are | Inherited |
| Environmental variations | Leaves can be yellow, height |
| Continuous Variation | No distinct categories |
| Discontinuous Variation | Distinct Categories |
| Mutations | Changes to the Genome, rare random changes, changes to the DNA bases |
| Sexual Reproduction | Genetic information from 2 organisms (Father, Mother combined) to produce offspring which are genetically different |
| Gametes | Contain half number of chromosomes, they are haploid |
| How many chromosomes do Haploid contain? | 23 |
| How many chromosomes do Diploid contain? | 46 |
| How are Gametes produced? | Meiosis |
| Meiosis is.. | Type of cell division, only in reproductive organs |
| Explain Division 1 of Meiosis (1.) | Divides and DUPLICATES it's DNA, 1 each arm, X chromosome is exact copy |
| Explain Division 1 of Meiosis (2.) | Chromosomes LINE UP in pairs at centre, one from dad and mom. |
| Explain Division 1 of Meiosis (3.) | PAIRS PULLED APART, so new chromosome only has 1 each, SOME of dad and mom chromosomes go into new cell |
| Explain Division 1 of Meiosis (4.) | Each new cell has MIXTURE of mom and dad chromosomes mixing up genes create genetic variation |
| Explain Division 2 of Meiosis (5.) | Chromosomes line up again in centre , arms of chromosomes are PULLED APART |
| Explain Division 2 of Meiosis (6.) | You get 4 HAPLOID GAMETES, each has single set of chromosomes, gametes are GENETICALLY DIFFERENT |
| Sex Chromosomes control... | If your're male or female |
| How many pairs of chromosomes are there in the body? | 23 pairs |
| What is the 23rd pair labelled? | Labelled XY |
| Males have what Chromosomes? | XY |
| Females have what chromosomes? | XX |
| Lack of Y chromosomes causes.... | female characteristics |
| Y chromosome carries gene which... | Makes an embryo develop into a male |
| Females always.... | Have 2 X chromosomes develop in a different way |
| Asexual reproduction involves... | Mitosis |
| Explain how asexual reproduction is different? | Only 1 parent, child genetically identical Happens by Mitosis New cell has same genetic information, it's a clone |
| Alleles | Different versions of the same gene |
| Characteristics caused by recessive alleles... | Appears when both alleles are recessive |
| Homozygous | 2 same alleles for that gene (CC, cc) |
| Heterozygous | 2 different alleles for that gene |
| Classification | Organising living organisms into groups |
| Natural classification systems | Use Evolutionary relationships |
| Natural selection increases.. | Advantageous Phenotypes |
| Artificial Classification systems.. | Use Observable Features |
| Evolution | Change in inherited characteristics |
| Bacteria | Can evolve and become Antibiotic-Resistant |
| Fossils | Remains of the plants and animals |
Created by:
Shahed-02
Popular Biology sets