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Cells
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Hooke | Invented the first microscope and was the first to observe and name the small units that make up organisms. |
Leeuwenhoek | He was able to clearly see living cells when observing the scrapings from his teeth. |
Cytoplasm | Is the “filling” of the cell and is made of up to 90% water. Water provides the necessary environment for all the chemical reactions the cell needs. |
Ribosomes | Organelles that are the site of protein synthesis. |
Cell Membrane | Forms the barrier to separate inside the cell from the outside environment. |
DNA | Molecule with directions to control the cell. |
Nucleus | Surrounds the chromosomes for additional protection; is made of a phospholipid bilayer. |
Mitochondria | Site of cellular respiration which produces cell energy (ATP). |
Vacuole | Store food, waste or water to be used inside the cell or excreted from the cell. |
Lysosomes | Contain digestive enzymes which digest food contained in vacuoles as well as old or damaged cell parts. |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | A series of interconnected folded membranes that function in modifying (changing) proteins, detoxification of alcohols, and communication. |
Golgi Complex | Packages materials for export from cells. |
Chloroplasts | Organelles full of chlorophyll that are the site of photosynthesis which produces sugars. |
Cell Wall | Provides extra support, protection, and shape for the cell; found outside the cell membrane and made of cellulose. |
Centrioles | Organelle that helps with cell division in animal cells. |