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Unit 2 Biology Exam

QuestionAnswer
Who were cells first observed by? Robert Hooke
What theory states that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells? Cell theory
Which microscope is the easiest to use and has the lowest resolution and lowest magnification? Light Microscope
Which microscope has the highest resolution and magnification by produced an image that is flat with no depth? Transmission electron microscope
Which microscope has high resolution and magnification (but not the highest) and produces 3D images? Scanning electron microscope
What are membranes primarily made of? phospholipids
which organelle controls the cell's activities and is responsible for inheritance? Nucleus
What is inside of the nucleus? proteins and dna called chromatin
What is a nuclear envelope? a double membrane with pores that allow material to flow in and out of the nucleus.
What is the nuclear envelope attached to? endoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of a ribosome? to carry on protein synthesis
what are free ribosomes? Ribosomes that are suspended in the cytoplasm
what are bound ribosomes? ribosomes that are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
What is the endomembrane system composed of? nuclear envelope,endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles and the plasma membrane.
what is the multistep chemical breakdown of a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate; the first stage of cellular respiration in all organisms; occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid. Glycoysis
The metabolic cycle fueled by acetyl CoA formed after glycolysis in cellular respiration. Chemical reactions in the citric acid cycle complete the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide. citric acid cycle
The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain; the third major stage of cellular respiration. oxidative phosphorylation
What is chemiosmosis Energy-coupling mechanics that uses the energy of hydrogen ion (H^+) gradients across membranes to phosphorylate ADP; powers most ATP synthesis in cells.
What is ATP Synthase A cluster of several membrane proteins that function in chemiosmosis with adjacent electron transport chains, using the energy of a hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make ATP.
sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration. glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain
What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy
Created by: birthdaysuitup
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