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A&P CH3 key terms
A&P CH3 Cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| active transport | process that requires an expenditure of energy to move a substance across a cell membrane, usually moved against the concentration gradient |
| apoptosis | the death of cells that occurs as a normal and controlled part of an organism's growth or development. |
| cell membrane | the selectively permeable outer boundary of a cell consisting of a phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins, plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane |
| centrosome | cellular organelle consisting of two centrioles |
| chromosome | rod-like structure that condenses from chromatin in a cell’s nucleus during mitosis |
| cytoplasm | the contents of a cell, excluding the nucleus and cell membrane |
| cytoskeleton | a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence |
| differentiation | cell specialization |
| diffusion | random movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration toward one of lower concentration |
| endocytosis | process by which a cell membrane envelops a substance and draws it into the cell in a vesicle |
| endoplasmic reticulum | organelle composed of a system of connected membranous tubules and vesicles along which protein is synthesized |
| equilibrium | a state of balance between two opposing forces |
| exocytosis | transport of substances out of a cell in vesicles |
| facilitated diffusion | diffusion in which carrier molecules transport substances across membranes from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration |
| filtration | movement of material through a membrane as a result of hydrostatic pressure |
| Golgi apparatus | an organelle that prepares cellular products for secretion |
| lysosome | organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
| mitochondrion | organelle housing enzymes that catalyze reactions of aerobic respiration |
| mitosis | diffusion of a somatic cell to form two genetically identical cells |
| nucleolus | a small structure within the cell nucleus that contains RNA and proteins |
| nucleus | a cellular organelle enclosed by a double-layered, porous membrane and containing DNA; the dense core of an atom composed of protons and neutrons |
| organelle | a part of a cell that performs a specialized function |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in response to a concentration gradient |
| phagocytosis | process by which a cell engulfs and digests solid substances |
| pinocytosis | process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluids from its surroundings |
| ribosome | organelle composed of RNA and protein that is a structural support for protein synthesis |
| selectively permeable | a membrane that allows some molecules through but not others; semipermeable |
| vesicle | membranous cytoplasmic sac formed by infolding of the cell membrane |
Created by:
djhockett5
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