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evol. psy 307Slide2
Evolution by Natural Selection
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| evolution emerged to explain three fundamental observations | wide variety of species, species characteristics suited to achieve distinct functions and share many structural and functional characteristics |
| principles of population | produce more offspring than the ecosystem can support which results in a struggle for existence |
| 3 key elements of Darwin’s theory | variation, inheritance, selection |
| “differential reproductive success” (DRS) | organisms best adapted to an environment will be most likely to survive to reproductive age and have offspring of their own |
| sexual selection | emphasized adaptations that promoted survival adaptations and therefore DRS |
| trait positively impacts reproductive success could be selected for | even if it jeopardizes survival |
| Intrasexual selection | traits that facilitate competition between members of the same sex for access to mates |
| traits that promote being selected as a mate by the opposite sex | increase DRS |
| Darwin’s theory accomplished | explained how species and diversity could arise, diversity of species, why attributes appear to have a purpose, united all organisms into a common ancestral tree |
| evolution | species change over time |
| differences of whale and shark | horizontal (turn up) vs vertical (forward) tail |
| Prospective memory | remembering to perform a planned action or recall a planned intention in the future |
| some traits hamper survival implies | survival only matters if it impacts reproduction |
| intrasexual selection | traits that facilitate competition with rivals for mates |
| intersexual selection | traits that promote being selected as a mate by opposite sex |
| objections to evolution | emotional, religious, rational |
| emotional objections | suppresses rationality, aids in tribal rivalries |
| religious objections | contradicts religious doctrines unless accounts taken as alegories |
| rational objections | How and why are traits inherited (partially explained by genetics), historical study not scientific (peppered moth, antibiotic resistance) |
| passive process can't develop complex organism | matter self organized and propagated: improved step by step in additive process |
Created by:
james22222222
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