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CHS Biology Unit 1
Chattooga Biology Unit 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adaptation | This is an inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival |
| ancestor | These are parents, parents of parents, etc. |
| antibiotic | This is a medicine that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms. |
| artificial selection | This is the process of intentionally directing the breeding process to encourage certain traits over others. |
| biodiversity | Number and variety of living organisms; includes genetic, species, and ecological types. |
| biological evolution | This is the process by which organisms acquire traits through sexual reproduction and/or mutation and then pass on these traits to the succeeding generations. |
| biological resistance | The natural ability of an organism to overcome, retard, suppress, prevent infection, or avoid adverse abiotic factors. |
| bottleneck effect | This is is an evolutionary event in which population size is drastically reduced usually because of a catastrophic event. |
| environment | The conditions that surround someone or something. These conditions and influences affect the growth, health, progress, etc., of someone or something. |
| evolution | This is a change in the genetic makeup of a population or species over time. |
| fossil | This is the mineralized remains of plants or animals. |
| fossil record | This is the chronicle of evolution over millions of years of geologic time engraved in the order which fossils appear in rock strata. |
| gene | This is a segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a particular trait. |
| gene flow | This is any movement of individuals, and/or the genetic material they carry, from one population to another. |
| genetic drift | In a population, the changes in allelic frequencies of a gene that are due to chance. |
| genetic variation | This is one result of gamete formation through meiosis and fertilization during sexual reproduction that promotes biodiversity within a species. |
| geographic isolation | This can occur when part of a population of a species becomes separated from the remainder, they may over time evolve different characteristics from the parent population. |
| isolation | A condition in which two populations of the same species, over time, can no longer breed with each other to produce live offspring |
| mutation | This is a random error/change in the DNA sequence. These may be inherited or occur in cells during the lifetime of the organism. |
| natural selection | This is the process of organisms adapting to their environments over time. |
| population | All the individuals of a species that live together in one place at the same time |
| population size | The number of individual organisms of a particular species in a group. |
| reproductive isolation | This is some barrier to reproduction among a species of organisms. It often results in genetic change over time and the development of new species. |
| speciation | This is the origin of a new species in evolution, there are many different methods by which this can occur. Different species cannot reproduce successfully. |
| survival of the fittest | This phrase, found in Darwin's Origin of Species, suggests that species adapt and change by natural selection and the changes aid in the survival of the organism. |
| vaccine | Dead or weakened pathogens used to stimulate the production of antibodies. |
| founder effect | The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. |
| temporal isolation | When two populations become isolated because they reproduce at different times or patterns. |
| geographic isoloation | When two populations become separated by a physical barrier, such as rivers, mountains, or lake. |
| behavioral isolation | When two populations become isolated by differences in courtship rituals or other behaviors. |
| adaptive radiation | a single species evolves rapidly into several different forms that live in different ways |
| homologous structure | These are physical features shared by organisms with common ancestry; they may have the same structure, but different functions developmentally mature organisms. |
| analogous structure | These are structures which are similar in different organisms because they evolved in a similar environment, yet do not have a common ancestor. |
| vestigial structure | This has been reduced in size, usually, over time and has less important function in some related organisms than in others. |
Created by:
saratliff
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