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Aorta Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tunica intima | innermost layer; slick waterproof lining of endothelial tissue |
| tunica adventitia | outermost layer; fibrous tissue that maintains shape |
| tunica media | middle layer; smooth muscle allowing expansion & contraction to maintain BP |
| lumen | hole within a vessel |
| 4 parts of the aorta are: | ascending, aortic arch, descending, & abdominal |
| first aortic branch | brachiocephalic/innominate artery; further divides into right common carotid & right subclavian arteries |
| second aortic branch | left common carotid artery |
| third aortic branch | left subclavian artery |
| location of aorta | retroperitoneal, to the left of the spine, & tapers distally |
| 5 major branches of aorta are: | celiac artery/axis, superior mesenteric artery, right & left renal arteries & inferior mesenteric artery |
| minor branches of the aorta are: | gonadal, suprarenal, lumbar, & phrenic |
| normal aortic measurements | proximal: 2cm distal: 1.5cm Never over 3cm |
| normal common iliac measurements | 1.5cm in men; 1.3cm in women NEVER over 2cm |
| celiac artery (only seen in transverse) arises: | anteriorly & branches into splenic, left gastric & hepatic arteries |
| hepatic artery branches into: | cystic, left hepatic & gastroduodenal arteries |
| gastroduodenal artery arises from: | the common hepatic artery & courses inferiorly |
| SMA (superior mesenteric artery) arises: | anteriorly & travels parallel to the aorta |
| SMA provides blood supply to: | small intestines, colon, & pancreatic head |
| gastroduodenal artery provides blood supply to: | distal stomach & proximal duodenum |
| IMA (Inferior Mesenteric Artery) arises: | just above the aortic bifurcation & courses inferiorly to the left |
| IMA provides blood supply to: | large intestines, colon & rectum |
| Renal arteries (seen in transverse) arise: | laterally off the aorta |
| Right renal artery passes: | behind the IVC |
| Left renal artery arises: | slightly higher than the right |
| gonadal arteries arise: | inferior to the SMA & renal arteries & course inferiorly |
| the aorta bifurcates into: | left & right common iliac arteries at the level of the umbilicus |
| the common iliac arteries further divide into: | internal & external iliac arteries |
| the coronary arteries arise from: | the ascending aorta just above the valve (coronary ostia) |
| Normal variants of aorta branches: | multiple renal arteries, replaced right hepatic artery, & common trunk of SMA & celiac artery |
Created by:
ginaliane
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