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Semester 2 Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | 6 CO2 + 6 H20 light= C6H12O6 + 6 O2 In Chlorophyll |
| Cellular Respiration | C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H20 In Mitochondria |
| Glycolysis | First step in Cell Rep. Anaerobic In Cytoplasm |
| Krebs Cycle | Second step in Cell Rep. Aerobic In Mitochondria |
| Electron Transport chain | Last step in Cell Rep. Aerobic In Mitochondria |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | Enzymes convert pyruvate into acid and skeletal muscles produce it to supply oxygen. |
| Alcohol Fermentation | Converts pyruvate into ethyl and carbon dioxide. |
| Sexual Reproduction | Requires two of the same species to produce offspring. Offspring is genetically different. |
| Asexual Reproduction | Does not require a mate to reproduce. Creates offspring that is genetically identical to the parent. |
| Malignant Tumors | Cancerous, it destroys healthy tissue. |
| Benign Tumors | Non-cancerous, it does not spread. |
| Differentiation | Process where cells become specialized. |
| Crossing-Over | Chromosomal segments are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes. |
| Zygote | Contains 2n number of chromosomes. |
| Genes | Chromosome that carries information for proteins for a specific trait. |
| Alleles | Different forms of a single gene passed down from generations. |
| Heterozyous | Two different alleles for a particular trait. |
| Homozygous Dominant | Two dominant alleles that are expressed. |
| Homozygous Recessive | Two alleles are the same with no dominant allele expressed. |
| Phenotype | Physical characteristics of a allele pair. |
| Genotype | Organism's allele pairs. |
| Punnett Square | Predicts possible offspring of two genotypes. |
| Dominant | Allele that is always expressed. |
| Recessive | Allele that is only expressed if there is no dominant allele present. |
| Gregor Mendel | Performed cross-pollination in pea plants. |
| Genetic Engineering | Technology that manipulates DNA of one organism. |
| Transcription | DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the nucleus. |
| Translation | Translates protein. |
| Codon | Three bases code in DNA or mRNA. |
| Nucleotide | Made up of five carbon sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base. |