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Mycoplasma/Ureaplasm
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma | Smallest (0.3x0.8um) known free-living forms. No cell wall - trilaminar celll membrane. Cannot be gram stained. Resistant to beta-lactam. RNA and DNA can self-replicate. |
Diagnosis of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma | Serology. Media: SP4, A8 agars and 10 B broth. Cholesterol is required of ureaplasma. |
Mycoplasma hominis | fried-egg CM and cause genital tract ulcers. |
PPLO, SP4, A8 agars, and Shepards 10 B broth | highly nutritious due to beef heart infusion, peptone supplemented with yeast extract, CMRL 1066 Medium and fetal bovine serum present in the medium. Arginine is required for goth |
What are Amphotericin B, polymyxin B, and penicillin used for? | inhibit faster growing contaminants |
Where is Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma found? | Only in humans in oropharynx, upper respiratory tract, and GI. |
Transmission of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma | direct respiratory contact. They have adherence properties. |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Cause of 15-20% of pneumonia. Most common pneumonia in children. community acquired atypical (walking) pneumoniae |
Cold Agglutinin Disease | Antibodies are formed in response to infection M.pneumoniae. React with RBCs below body temp. and activates complement system |
Lab diagnosis of M.pneumoniae | Transport in M4. Direct detection with PCR. Fried egg morphology. Produces hydrogen peroxide. Cold Agglutinin Test: Any value >1:32 suggests a diagnosis |
Treatment for M.pneumoniae | macrolides, tetracycline. Resistant to beta-lactams. |
Ureaplasma urealyticum | intense inflammatory reaction. Cause chorioamnionitis (placenta and amniotic fluids). Causes nongonococcal urethritis (NGU). Requires urea |