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Chlamydia/Rickettsia

QuestionAnswer
Characteristics of both Chlamydia and Rickettsia They both use ATP
Chlamydia trachomatis Obilgate intracellular parasite. Require the biochemical resources of eukaryotic host cell to growth and replicate
What is the characteristic inclusion of Chlamydia trachomatis? Reticulate bodies RB - replicative form
What is the infective form of inclusion bodies? Elementary bodies - look like a bacillus. They are extracellular and inert
Developmental cycle of Chlamydia trachomatis The Ebs bind cells and are phagocytized. In the cell Ebs become RBs. RBs replicate and inclusion may contain 100-500 bodies
What is the outer layer of the Chlamydia trachomatis cell wall? lipopolysaccharide membrane - no peptidoglycan
Lab diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis cytology - detect inclusions in epithelial cells and fluorescent antibody techniques/ Cell cultures of McCoy cells/ NAATs (most common)/ Serology
What are serovars? serological variants, equivalent to serotypes
Subtypes A, B, Ba, C of Chlamydia trachomatis cause Trachoma - inflammation of conjunctiva --> blindness
Subtypes L1, L2, L3 of Chlamydia trachomatis cause Lymphogranuloma venereum a sexually transmitted disease
Subtypes D-K of Chlamydia trachomatis cause Urethritis, infant pneumonia
Most common STD? C.trachomatis - also major cause of PID
Natural habitat for C.trachomatis humans: 25% men and 70-80% women
Transmission of C. trachomatis sex or mother to infant during birth
Diagnosis of C. trachomatis Cell cultures, DFA, EIA, NAAT
What is DFA? scraping that is examined microscopically with a direst fluorescent test to detect inclusion bodies
Chlamydophila psittaci Infects birds and infect humans by aerosol inhalation. Chills, fever, malaise and progression to pneumonia
Chlamydophila pneumoniae Human pathogen causes pneumonia, sinusitis, and pharyngitis.
Rickettsia Obligate, intracellular parasite. Infect endothelial cells lining small blood vessels. Multiply intracellularly. Can synthesize protein, nucleic acids and ATP. Have "leaky membranes"
Morphology of Rickettsia Gram negative, pleomorphic
Transmission of Rickettsia Vectors: fleas, ticks, and the human body louse.
Diagnosis of Rickettsia Weil-Felix test - Whole cell agglutination assay that uses Proteus cell surface antigens to detect cross-reactive rickettsial antibodies.
where can Rickettsia be grown? Tissue cells and embroyonated eggs - level 3 pathogen
R.rickettsii infection: Rocky Mountain Spotted fever. From tick vector. Maculopapular rash beginning on extremities. Use immunohistology with tissue biospies and fluorescent stain or PCR
Orentia tsutsugmushi infection: Scrub typhus
Drug of choice for Rickettsial Infections Tetracycline or Chloramphenicol
Triad of Rickettsial Infections fever. headache, and rash
R.prowazekii typhus - from human body louse. Rash develops
Coxiella burnetti Q fever - inhalation or ingestion of unpasteurized milk. Detected with serology. Gram negative coccobaccilli. obligate intracellular parasite. Forms spores to survive.
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, DDT Was effective in WWII against the mosquito that spread malaria and lice with typhus.
Brill-Zinsser Disease occurs decades after initial Rickettsial Infection, treat with tetracycline
Q Fever systemic infection that primarily affects the lung-granuloma formation. Occupational illness. treat with tetracycline
Ehrlichia chaffeensis Zoonotic disease. from ticks. Cause monocytes infection
Morulae cytoplasmic vacuoles containing enriched Ehrlichia that are found in Giemsa - or Diff-Quik–stained buffy coat smears from infected patients.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis
Similarities of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infect leukocytes. ID'd by serology. Treated with Doxycycline
Created by: Mirielles
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