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Bio Chapter 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | The study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment |
| Community | A group of various species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other |
| Ecosystem | A community of organisms and their abiotic environment |
| Biome | A large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities |
| Abiotic | Describes living factors in the environment |
| Biodiversity | Describes the nonliving part of environment, including water, rocks, light, and temperature |
| Keystone species | The variety of organisms in a given area, the genetic variation within a population, the variety of species in a community, or the variety of communities in an ecosystem |
| Producer | An organism that can make organic molecules from inorganic molecules. a photosynthetic or chemosynthetic autotroph that serves as the basic food source in an ecosystem |
| Autotroph | An organism that produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances or from the environment instead of consuming other organisms |
| Consumer | An organism that eats other organisms or organic matter instead of producing its own nutrients or obtaining nutrients from inorganic source |
| Heterotroph | An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that cannot synthesize organic compounds from inorganic materials |
| Chemosynthesis | Process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light |
| Food chain | The pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of the feeding patterns of a series of organisms |
| Herbivore | An organism that eats only plants |
| Carnivore | An organism that eats animals |
| Omnivore | An organism that eats both plants and animals |
| Detritivore | Organism that eats dead organic matter |
| Decomposer | An organism that feeds by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms; examples include bacteria and fungi |
| Specialist | Consumer that eats only one type of organism |
| Generalist | Species that does not rely on a single source of prey |
| Trophic level | One of the steps in a food chain or food pyramid; examples include producers and primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers |
| Food web | A diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem |
| Hydrologic cycle | Pathway of water from the atmosphere to Earth's surface, below ground, and back |
| Biogeochemical cycle | The circulation of substances through living organisms from or to the environment |
| Nitrogen fixation | The process by which gaseous nitrogen is converted into ammonia, a compound that organisms can use to make amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic molecules |
| Biomass | Total dry mass of all organisms in a given area |
| Energy pyramid | A triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem's food chain; each row in the pyramid represents a trophic level in an ecosystem |
| Energy pyramid pt 2 | , and the area of a row represents the energy stored in that trophic level |
Created by:
mariazierolf
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