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Oriole IB CellResp
cell resp (aero) vocab & definintions
| Term | |
|---|---|
| CELLULAR RESPIRATION | process used by living organisms to break down their food (glucose) and release energy (ATP) |
| high-energy electrons | negatively-charged atomic particles that are produced during the first three steps and used in step 4 to make ATP |
| Electron Transport Chain (System) | Step #4 of cellular respiration; uses proteins and carriers in the mitochondria to change high-energy electrons into ATP energy |
| carbon dioxide (CO2) | waste gas of cellular respiration that is given off during steps 2 and 3 |
| ATP | molecule of cell energy; the energy 'currency' of a cell; produced during steps 1, 3, and 4 but NOT step 2 |
| glucose | the main 'fuel' molecule that 'runs' cellular respiration; it's broken apart during Glycolysis into two pyruvates |
| water | the final waste material of cellular respiration; produced during step 4 as Oxygen and Hydrogen are combined |
| FADH2 | coenzyme carrying two high energy electrons; only produced during step 3 and then used during step 4 to make ATP |
| pyruvate | molecules that result from splitting glucose during step 1; they are changed into Acetyl CoA during step 2 |
| acetyl CoA | pyruvates get changed into this during step 2 so they can be used in step 3 |
| proton pumps | proteins that are used in step 4 to force Hydrogen protons across the inner membrane of the mitochondria |
| Hydrogen protons | pumped across the inner membrane of the mitochondria during step 4 so that ATP can be made |
| Coenzyme A | used during step 2 and attached to the acetyl group so it can be carried to and used in step 3 |
| oxygen (O2) | element that must be present for steps 2, 3, and 4 to work; used in step 4 to make water |
| enzymes | these 3-D proteins are necessary for all four steps of cellular respiration to work at normal cell temperatures |
| mitochondria (matrix) | location in the cell where steps 2, 3 and 4 take place; the 'powerhouse' of the cell |
| OAA (oxaloacetate) | the beginning material that step 3 always starts with; it is reproduced again at the end of that step |
| Glycolysis | Step #1 of cellular respiration; literally means that sugar is being split apart |
| NADH | coenzyme that carries a high energy electron; produced during steps 2 and 3, then used during step 4 to make ATP |
| Intermediate (Link) Reaction | Step #2 of cellular respiration; changes pyruvates into acetyl CoA so they can be used in step 3 |
| cytoplasm | watery insides of a cell; where step 1 of cellular respiration takes place |
| Krebs Cycle | Step #3 of cellular respiration; starts with OAA, attaches Acetyl CoA, then releases NADH, FADH2, CO2, and remakes OAA |
| ATP synthase | enzyme used during step 4 to put together the energy molecules of ATP; works when Hydrogen protons move through it |
Created by:
nstevens
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